Abstract:SYNOPSISThe ability of polyamide-epichlorohydrin-cellulose ( PAE-cell) to remove various acid dyes from aqueous solutions was investigated. The classes of acid dyes included the milling type, levelling type, and metal-complex type. Operational conditions such as PAE-cell type, dye type, PAE-cell particle size, dye bath flow rate, filling density in the column, initial dye concentration, pH of solution, and adsorbent mass were studied. The results show that these PAE-cell polymers exhibit better capacity for ac… Show more
“…In addition, they can effectively remove metal ions and some organic compounds from wastewater (Cai et al 2013). Cellulose has been used in the removal of colored matter from dye wastewater (Hwang and Chen 1993). In addition, some adsorption materials obtained from cellulosebased waste products have also been used for the adsorption of dyes, including sawdust (Ofomaja 2008), rice husk (Zou et al 2011), wheat shell (Vieira et al 2009), and banana and orange peel (Annadurai et al 2002).…”
Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was functionalized with quaternary amine groups for use as an adsorbent to remove Congo Red dye (CR) from aqueous solution. The ultrasonic pretreatment of MCC was investigated during its functionalization. Characterization was conducted using infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The batch adsorption of the functionalized MCC was studied to evaluate the effects of dye concentration, pH of solution, temperature, and NaCl concentration on the adsorption CR. The adsorbent (FM-1) obtained using ultrasonic pretreatment of MCC under 10.8 kJ•g -1 exhibited an adsorption capacity of 304 mg•g -1 at initial pH under a dose of 0.1 g•L -1 and initial concentration of 80 mg•L -1 . After functionalization, the FT-IR and XPS results indicated that the quaternary amine group was successfully grafted onto the cellulose, the surface was transformed to be coarse and porous, and the crystalline structure of the original cellulose was disrupted. FM-1 has been shown to be a promising and efficient adsorbent for the removal of CR from an aqueous solution.
“…In addition, they can effectively remove metal ions and some organic compounds from wastewater (Cai et al 2013). Cellulose has been used in the removal of colored matter from dye wastewater (Hwang and Chen 1993). In addition, some adsorption materials obtained from cellulosebased waste products have also been used for the adsorption of dyes, including sawdust (Ofomaja 2008), rice husk (Zou et al 2011), wheat shell (Vieira et al 2009), and banana and orange peel (Annadurai et al 2002).…”
Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was functionalized with quaternary amine groups for use as an adsorbent to remove Congo Red dye (CR) from aqueous solution. The ultrasonic pretreatment of MCC was investigated during its functionalization. Characterization was conducted using infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The batch adsorption of the functionalized MCC was studied to evaluate the effects of dye concentration, pH of solution, temperature, and NaCl concentration on the adsorption CR. The adsorbent (FM-1) obtained using ultrasonic pretreatment of MCC under 10.8 kJ•g -1 exhibited an adsorption capacity of 304 mg•g -1 at initial pH under a dose of 0.1 g•L -1 and initial concentration of 80 mg•L -1 . After functionalization, the FT-IR and XPS results indicated that the quaternary amine group was successfully grafted onto the cellulose, the surface was transformed to be coarse and porous, and the crystalline structure of the original cellulose was disrupted. FM-1 has been shown to be a promising and efficient adsorbent for the removal of CR from an aqueous solution.
“…Color removal from textile effluents has been the target of great attention in the past few years, not only because of its potential toxicity, but mainly due to its visibility problems (Yu-Li and Thomas, 1995;Morais et al, 1999). Recent estimates indicate that approximately 12% of synthetic textile dyes used each year is lost during manufacture and processing operations and 20% of these lost dyes enter the environment through effluents that result from the treatment of industrial wastewaters (Hwang and Chen, 1993;Nawar and Doma, 1989). The treatment of dye wastewater involves chemical and physical methods such ; (e) represents PCR products with primer D01; (f) represents PCR products with primer D03.…”
The genotoxicity of the azo dye 'Direct Violet' and the removal of this dye by Aspergillus niger strain at different conditions have been investigated in male rats. Two genotoxicity techniques, namely bone marrow micronucleus assay and RAPD fingerprinting pattern, were used in this study for the direct dye and its removal by the fungal strain. Sixty male rats were divided into six treatment groups including a control group and other groups which were exposed for 2 or 8 weeks to Direct Violet dye, Direct Violet dye treated with A. niger at pH 2 or pH 9 or without agitation and acrylamide (30 mg/kg b.w.). A potent dose-dependent response was observed following oral gavage of the dye up to 1000 mg kg(-1), after which significant toxicity to the erythroid compartment was observed. Acrylamide and Direct Violet treatments increased the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPCEs) with respect to the controls. This increase was statistically significant in the two time intervals (2 and 8 weeks treatment, P < 0.0001). Fungi treatments at pH 2 and without agitation were able to reduce the number of MnPCEs induced by Direct Violet administration in all duration groups. Fungi treatment at pH 9 was only able to inhibit the genotoxicity of Direct Violet after 8 weeks treatment. The RAPD fingerprinting pattern indicated that most DNA of the samples treated with dye alone or acrylamide revealed polymorphic bands including the appearance and disappearance of the bands, which did not appear in the DNA samples of normal or fungi protected rats. The implications of these findings for the health and safety of occupationally exposed workers are discussed.
“…The experimental data of MB adsorption on FAG were simulated with three models and the results were depicted in Table 5. The correlation coefficients (R 1 2 ) for pseudo-first-order kinetic model are between 0.718 and 0.926, the correlation coefficients (R 2 2 ), for the pseudo -second-order kinetic model are between 0.99 and 1 and the correlation coefficients (R 3 2 ) for intraparticle diffusion model are between 0.513 and 0.993. On the basis of value R 2 , the pseudo second order rate model fit best with experimental data.…”
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