“…This is in concordance with the results of other studies, where XPEF R file has improved removal limited to the AH Plus group, but not in the bioceramic group. 32,33 Conversely, a significant improvement in the removal was obtained in the residual filling material from the oval-shaped canal after additional cleaning with XPEF R. 34,35 The conflicting results may be due to the different types of teeth included in the studies and the difference in root canal anatomy. 36 In our study, the results were different from those of Aksel et al who concluded that XPEF enhanced the elimination of filling materials, with no regard to the type of sealer, including bioceramic sealers.…”