“…In particular, the field of fiber-optic sensors, along with the continuing research and development of optical fibers in the broad field of communications, has attracted considerable interest because optical fibers take many advantages from inherent properties such as superior sensing abilities, miniaturization feasibility, resistance to chemical corrosion, and robust immunity to electromagnetic interference (EMI). Since the early inventions of fiber-optic gyroscopes and acoustic sensors, a great deal of effort has been made to explore valuable sensing applications with benefits resulting from the innovation of advanced optical fiber technologies [1][2][3][4][5]. For example, intensity-based fiber sensors, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors, coherence interferometric sensors, and Brillouin scattering distributed sensors have been investigated for accurate and reliable operation even in various harsh or hazardous areas ranging from chemical plants, nuclear power generation plants, oil reservoirs, aerospace, to bio-organisms.…”