Remedial Measures for Saline Water Ingression in Coastal Aquifers of South West Bengal in India

Maity, Prabir Kumar; Das, Subhasish; Das, Ruma

doi:10.15406/mojes.2018.03.00061

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Na/Cl ratio is 0.86 in seawater, and Cl is above the alkaline (Na) ions, while the Mg / Ca ratio is between 4.5 and 5.2 in seawater and excess of Mg [30]. In contrast, continental fresh groundwater is characterized by a highly variable chemical composition, although the predominant anions are HCO 3 , SO 4 and Cl [32,33]. Generally, the total dissolved solids are usually between 150 mg/l and 1500 mg/l for fresh groundwater.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The groundwater is used for the needs of residents, industry, and farmers. Due to differences in geography, weather and land use, the distribution of groundwater supplies is limited and unevenly distributed over time and space [4,5]. In regard to the productive capacity of an aquifer, constant extraction of groundwater reduces the surface of the groundwater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Seawater Intrusion into Shallow Coastal Aquifer in Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu, India

Sivaranjani*,

Sangeetha,

Kumar

et al. 2020

IJITEE

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Improved use of groundwater is often causing intrusion of seawater. The intrusion of seawater also takes place in coastal areas. In this analysis, the distribution and the levels of intrusion in the research area (Kanyakumari district, Tamilnadu, India) are determined. The test was done using random samples at a period of 15 days in which 30 different samples were taken in 5 different locations with a certain distance from the seashore, then chemical analysis including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), chloride, sodium, calcium, magnesium, carbonate, and bicarbonate water quality parameters were carried out. Chloride Bicarbonate Ratio was used for the calculation of the penetration rate of the seawater, and subsequently chloride and electric conductivity were defined as type and quality of water characters. The results showed that the shallow aquifer was intruded by seawater at several sample levels, which was included in the normal to high intrusion classification. The sea water intrusion was classified as freshwater to saltwater, the concentrations in chloride ranged from 159 to 6021 mg / L. The ratio of bicarbonate chloride was 0.28 to 21.46, normally above 15.5, indicating that groundwater was disturbed. As a result, in comparison to standards or other seawater intrusion indicators, Rajakamangalam-well 1 (RM-W1) has been affected by seawater intrusion highly.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Seawater Intrusion into Shallow Coastal Aquifer in Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu, India

Sivaranjani*,

Sangeetha,

Kumar

et al. 2020

IJITEE

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“…Groundwater contamination in coastal aquifers has become a global issue [17][18], especially in low and middle-income countries [19][20]. Groundwater management in coastal areas is an environmental issue that requires a holistic approach.…”

Section: Applied Environmental Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Saline Water Intrusion Using Integrated Geoelectrical Method in the Coastal Aquifer of Holo-Quaternary Formation, Lampung Bay

et al. 2022

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Increased groundwater extraction from aquifers in Holo-Quaternary rock formations in Lampung Bay has caused saltwater intrusion. This indication appears in several community wells and can spread further inland. Therefore, this study aims to identify the distribution of areas exposed to saline water and the boundaries of areas that have not, especially in the Holo-Quaternary Formation. This research uses the geoelectric method integrated with salinity data and the Soil Penetration Test (SPT) analysis at four drilling points. A total of 4 lines of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and 8 points of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) have been acquired with a Schlumberger configuration with an AB/2 span of up to 200 meters. Meanwhile, the salinity data was measured directly from 60 samples from community wells. The ERT and VES analysis results show that the coastal aquifer in Lampung Bay is at a depth of 2–24 m. SPT analysis identified interbedded sand, silt, and clay which were interpreted as marine sedimentation from the Holo-Quaternary Formation layer. Groundwater is only in shallow aquifers (less than 24 m) but has experienced seawater intrusion with low resistivity values between 9–20 ohm m. The distribution of high salinity values up to 3,100 ppm has reached more than 1 km from the coastline. Furthermore, ERT results reinforce this finding, which shows low resistivity values of less than 10 ohm m in the shallow aquifer zone. VES data detects low resistivity values (18 ohm m) at a depth of 12–13 m.

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“…This study reveals that the aquifers of this region are subjected to continuous influence of seawater-groundwater mixing. According to various studies, over-exploitation and over-pumping is the primary cause of SWI in the coastal region of West Bengal and therefore various geophysical and geochemical investigations are carried out to identify the SWI [79][80][81][82]. In the coastline of Andhra Pradesh, rise in sea-level plays a significant role in enhancing the SWI with deteriorating the quality of groundwater and degrading the agricultural lands [83,84].…”

Section: Seawater Intrusion: Indian Scenariomentioning

confidence: 99%

Status of seawater intrusion in coastal aquifer of Gujarat, India: a review

Siddha

Sahu

2020

SN Appl. Sci.

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Seawater intrusion (SWI) is a universal concern, intensified and aggravated due to over-exploitation of groundwater, sea-level rise, and climate change in the coastal province. According to the Ghyben-Herzberg principle, the stability between freshwater and saltwater is caused by the density difference between the two, until the pressure equalizes. The keystone of India's geography, economy, biodiversity, and the environment are its extended and vast coastline, which occupies the most precious as well as potential aquifer system. This review mainly fascinated on the status, knowledge, and vulnerability of SWI within the aquifers of the coastal region of Gujarat, India. Foregoing investigations reveal that the meteoric intensification in the salinity of coastal regions of Gujarat is the chief provenance of socioeconomic development and environmental degradation. Different studies are performed to analyze and mitigate the SWI problem. In this region, groundwater over-exploitation is the foremost driver of SWI. There are miscellaneous developmental and management skills and techniques to diminish the SWI in coastal regions of the world. Numerous models are fabricated and established to analyze and epitomize the complications associated with it. Numerical models suggest some valuable techniques to manage groundwater-related problems. This study also delivers some advanced management strategies such as dilution of salinewater by artificial recharge techniques, construction of physical barriers in the subsurface to reduce the intrusion etc. feasible to the coast of Gujarat.

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Remedial Measures for Saline Water Ingression in Coastal Aquifers of South West Bengal in India

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Assessment of Seawater Intrusion into Shallow Coastal Aquifer in Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu, India

Assessment of Seawater Intrusion into Shallow Coastal Aquifer in Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu, India

Identification of Saline Water Intrusion Using Integrated Geoelectrical Method in the Coastal Aquifer of Holo-Quaternary Formation, Lampung Bay

Status of seawater intrusion in coastal aquifer of Gujarat, India: a review

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