Religious attachment dimensions and schizotypal personality traits

Hancock, Lisa; Tiliopoulos, Niko

doi:10.1080/13674670903334678

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…Did these coping strategies provide emotional refuge, and compensate for attachment disorganization (Cassibba et al, 2008;Perkins & Allen, 2006)? Perhaps their supernatural experiences reflected their early anxious attachment experiences (Hancock & Tiliopoulos, 2010). Previous studies have demonstrated that more negative experiences with attachment figures were associated with sudden religious conversions (Granqvist & Kirkpatrick, 2004) and New Age experiences (Granqvist et al, 2009(Granqvist et al, , 2012.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Individuals with a U classification have also demonstrated increased religious anxiety, greater belief in New Age supernatural/mystical spirituality, increased experiences of personal contact with the dead (Granqvist, Ivarsson, Broberg, & Hagekull, 2007) and greater schizotypal personality disorder (Hancock & Tiliopoulos, 2010). During normal bereavement, the need to maintain attachment relationships increase and, for some, attachment-seeking efforts include communicating with ghosts or apparitions of the deceased (Kwilecki, 2011) or sensing the presence of the deceased during daily activities (Steffen & Coyle, 2011).…”

Section: Unresolved Mourning Supernatural Belief Fantasy and Dissomentioning

confidence: 97%

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Unresolved mourning, supernatural beliefs and dissociation: a mediation analysis

Thomson

Jaque

2014

Attachment & Human Development

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Unresolved mourning is marked by disorganized behavior and states of mind. In this study, we speculated that pathological dissociation would mediate the effects of unresolved mourning on supernatural beliefs. This hypothesis was determined based on findings that indicate an association between higher levels of dissociation, stronger beliefs in the supernatural and unresolved mourning. We examined two groups of participants, one classified as non-unresolved (non-U) (n = 56) and the other as unresolved (n = 26) (U) with respect to past loss/trauma as measured by the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). Two self-report instruments were administered to measure supernatural beliefs and dissociation. As hypothesized, the multivariate analysis of variance indicated mean differences between the two groups. The unresolved group had greater belief in the supernatural and more pathological dissociative processes. The mediation analysis demonstrated that pathological dissociation fully mediated the effects of unresolved mourning on supernatural beliefs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Unresolved Mourning Supernatural Belief Fantasy and Dissomentioning

confidence: 97%

Unresolved mourning, supernatural beliefs and dissociation: a mediation analysis

Thomson

Jaque

2014

Attachment & Human Development

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“…Generally, the God image often serves as a moderator between religiosity and well-being (e.g., Demmrich et al 2013) and specifically, a positive God image protects from schizotypy (Tiliopoulos and Bikker 2013). Similarly, Hancock and Tiliopoulos (2010) found that an anxious, but not avoidant attachment to God predicts schizotypy, and Piedmont (2009) found that the schizotypal personality disorder related to a religious crisis is associated with the feeling of being punished by God. Therefore, an anxious attachment to God and/or a negative God image might heighten the awareness to aspects of everyday situations that are interpreted as divine signs, which in turn increases the possibility to develop schizotypal personality disorder or even schizophrenia.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interviews, questionnaires, and experiential studies uncovered links between schizotypy and religiosity with small to moderate correlations that are influenced by age, gender, and sometimes social desirability (e.g., Hancock and Tiliopoulos 2010;MacPherson and Kelly 2011;Tiliopoulos and Bikker 2013). A strong emphasis lies on experimental explanations of the religiosity-schizotypy link that focuses on a continuum from religious experience/beliefs (normal) to delusional experience/beliefs (abnormal; Jackson 1997Jackson , 2001; James [1902] 1928; Mohr and Huguelet 2004;Peters 2001;Smith et al 2009), whereby this continuum is rooted in a common underlying predisposition of individuals (Dein and Littlewood 2011;Ng 2007;Thalbourne and Delin 1993).…”

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confidence: 99%

Centrality of Religiosity, Schizotypy, and Human Values: The Impact of Religious Affiliation

2019

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Previous research has established a reliable link between religiosity and schizotypy as well as schizophrenia. However, past research mainly measured religiosity as a one-dimensional construct. In the present research (N = 189), we aimed to get a better understanding of the religiosity–schizotypy link by measuring religiosity using Huber’s five-dimensional model of Centrality of Religiosity, while also testing for curvilinear relations and potential moderators. We found negative small-to-medium-sized correlations between all five dimensions of religiosity and the schizotypy dimension of impulsive nonconformity, but no reliable associations with the other three dimensions of schizotypy: unusual experiences, cognitive disorganization, and introverted anhedonia. Some of these associations were moderated by religious affiliation: Religiosity and schizotypy correlated positively among non-members, but negatively among members of religious communities, suggesting that affiliation has a positive impact on the well-being of religious people. In line with Huber’s predictions, we found a reversed U-shape association between the religious dimension of private religious practice and schizotypy. Unexpectedly, however, conformity and tradition values did not moderate the relations between religiosity and schizotypy. We discuss our findings in terms of person–environment fit, the prevention hypothesis of the schizotypy-religiosity link, and offer implications for mental health practitioners.

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“…Associations between religiosity domains and mental health constructs have been repeatedly observed in previous studies, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] including those focused on the pathological traits that compose personality disorders (PD). [8][9][10][11] Our aim with this study was to investigate the relationship between specific pathological traits (i.e., traits of the borderline and schizotypal PDs) and religiosity domains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between religiosity domains and traits from borderline and schizotypal personality disorders in a Brazilian community sample

Carvalho

Sagradim

Pianowski

et al. 2020

Trends Psychiatry Psychother.

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Introduction: Research suggests that religiosity domains are associated with mental health constructs. Some studies have focused on the relationship between religiosity and personality disorders. Objective: To investigate the relationship between religiosity domains and pathological traits of the borderline (BPD) and schizotypal (SZPD) personality disorders. Methods: Participants were 751 adults from the general population who answered the Multidimensional Inventory for Religious/Spiritual Well-Being (MI-RSWB-E), the Attachment to God Inventory (AGI), and factors of the Dimensional Clinical Personality Inventory 2 (IDCP-2). Pearson's correlation and regression analysis were conducted with pathological traits as independent variables and religiosity domains as dependent variables. Results: Correlation and regression analyses indicated slightly higher associations between religiosity domain and BPD traits in comparison to SZPD traits. BPD traits showed higher associations with the hope immanent, forgiveness and hope transcendent domains, while SZPD presented higher associations with connectedness. The SZPD-related paranormality factor presented the highest correlation observed in the study and was the best SZPD predictor of religiosity domains. The BPD-related hopelessness factor was the predictor with significant contribution to most regression models. BPD traits presented slightly higher average association with religiosity domains, whereas spiritual-related domains (e.g., connectedness) tended to show higher associations with SZPD traits. Conclusions: Our findings help explain the relationship between specific pathological traits and religiosity domains.

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Religious attachment dimensions and schizotypal personality traits

Cited by 11 publications

References 13 publications

Unresolved mourning, supernatural beliefs and dissociation: a mediation analysis

Unresolved mourning, supernatural beliefs and dissociation: a mediation analysis

Centrality of Religiosity, Schizotypy, and Human Values: The Impact of Religious Affiliation

Relationship between religiosity domains and traits from borderline and schizotypal personality disorders in a Brazilian community sample

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