Religion and intimate partner violence in Chile: Macro- and micro-level influences

Lehrer, Evelyn L.; Lehrer, Vivian L.; Krauss, Ramona

doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2009.03.001

Cited by 25 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Similar results were found in previous studies 20,24 . Low personal control and high religiosity was, in agreement with some other studies 35,36, associated with IPV. When designing strategies to prevent IPV protective factors such as improving life satisfaction, overall subjective health, social support and increasing perceived control may be important to incorporate.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Individual risk factors for IPV may include childhood physical or sexual abuse or other prior victimization as well as history of interparental violence 17,18,25,26 substance use (alcohol and tobacco use) 17,[27][28][29] posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and suicidal behaviour 14,16,24,30,31 and sexual risk behaviour, including sexually transmitted infections (STI) and HIV [32][33][34] . Protective factors may include lack of peer and parental social support 22 lack of life satisfaction 20,24 high religiosity 35 low perceived control 36 lower Gross national income but not family income 37 . There is a lack of information on IPV among male and female university students in Africa, the Americas and Asia.…”

Section: African Journal Of Reproductive Health March 2016; 20 (1): 30mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intimate Partner Violence Victimization and Associated Factors among Male and Female University Students in 22 Countries in Africa, Asia and the Americas

Pengpid

Peltzer

2016

Afr J Reprod Health

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The study aimed at investigating the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) and its associated factors among male and female university students in 22 countries in Africa, the Americas and Asia. In a cross-sectional questionnaire survey, data were collected from 16979 undergraduate university students, 49.3% male and 50.7% female, with an overall mean age of 21.8 years (SD=3.4). Of 7032 (41.9%) students who had been sexually active in the past 12 months, 16.3 % reported ever having experienced physical or sexual IPV, 15.4% among men and 17.2% among women, physical IPV was 11.3% among men and 10.4% among women, and the proportion of ever having experienced sexual IPV was 9.3% among men and 11.3% among women. In multivariate logistic regression analyses, among both men and women, sociodemographic factors (senior study year, living in a low or lower middle income country) and risk factors (history of childhood physical and sexual abuse, made someone pregnant or had been pregnant, having had two or more sexual partners in the past 12 months, current tobacco use and having PTSD symptoms) were associated with physical and/or sexual violence victimization. High burden of IPV was found and several factors identified that may help guide intervention efforts. Keywords: partner violence, undergraduate students, sociodemographic factors, risk factors, protective factors, multi-country. RésuméL'étude visait à étudier la prévalence de la violence du partenaire intime (VPI) et ses facteurs associés chez les étudiants et étudiantes universitaires dans 22 pays en Afrique, aux Amériques et en Asie. Dans une enquête à travers des questionnaires transversale, les données ont été recueillies auprès des 16979 étudiants universitaires de premier cycle, dont 49,3%étaient des 'hommes et 50,7% étaient des femmes, avec un âge moyen global de 21,8 ans (SD = 3,4). De 7032 (41,9%) des étudiants qui avaient été sexuellement actifs au cours des 12 derniers mois, 16,3% ont déclaré avoir déjà subi des violences physiques ou VPI (sexuelle). 15,4% parmi les hommes et 17,2% parmi les femmes, le taux de la VPI (physique) était de 11,3% chez les hommes et 10,4% chez les femmes, et la proportion de ceux qui ont déjà subi la VPI (sexuelle) était de 9,3% chez les hommes et de 11,3% chez les femmes. A travers les analyses de la régression logistique multivariée, tant chez les hommes que chez les femmes, les facteurs sociodémographiques (appartenant à un niveau élevé d'étude, habitant dans un pays à revenu faible ou à revenu moyen inférieur) et les facteurs de risque (histoire du mauvais traitement et des sévices sexuels subi par l'enfant , avait engrossé quelqu'un ou avait été enceinte, ayant eu deux ou plus des partenaires sexuels au cours des 12 derniers mois, la consommation courant du tabac et ayant des symptômes du SSPT) ont été associés à la violence physique et / ou sexuelle. Nous avons découvert un haut fardeau de VPI et avons identifié plusieurs facteurs qui peuvent guider les efforts d'intervention. (Afr.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: African Journal Of Reproductive Health March 2016; 20 (1): 30mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intimate Partner Violence Victimization and Associated Factors among Male and Female University Students in 22 Countries in Africa, Asia and the Americas

Pengpid

Peltzer

2016

Afr J Reprod Health

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“…Two papers present descriptive statistics on prevalence and contexts of DV and SV, making comparisons between men and women (Lehrer, Lehrer, and Oyarzún 2009;Lehrer, Lehrer, and Zhao 2009). Other papers based on the female sample present multivariate analyses of risk factors for DV and SV (Lehrer et al 2007;Lehrer, Lehrer, and Zhao 2010) and an examination of the role of religion in DV at the individual and societal levels (Lehrer, Lehrer, and Krauss 2009). The most recent paper examines prevalence, contexts and risk factors for SV in men (Lehrer, Lehrer, and Koss 2012).…”

Section: The Survey Of Student Well-beingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual and dating violence among adolescents and young adults in Chile: a review of findings from a survey of university students

Lehrer

Koss

2013

Culture, Health & Sexuality

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This paper synthesises and discusses results from the 2005 Survey of Student Well-Being, a closed-ended questionnaire administered to students attending general education courses at a major public university in Santiago (n = 484 women, 466 men). The survey included questions on sexual violence (SV) and dating violence (DV), public health problems that have received little attention in Chile and other Latin-American countries. This paper highlights key findings from a series of papers based on these data, noting lessons learned in the Chilean context that may be useful for other Latin-American countries. Important gaps in the international literature on SV and DV are also discussed. A central finding is the high prevalence of SV and DV in this sample of university students, warranting further public health attention to these problems. Potentially, the findings will contribute to changes in awareness, policy and practice along similar lines to efforts that transformed the US landscape regarding SV and DV on college campuses in the 1980s.

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“…By contrast, data from Chile on sexual aggression victimization and perpetration, particularly among young adults, is limited. In Chile, the Catholic Church is a strong source of influence on social norms and public policy, in particular referring to sexuality (Lehrer et al, 2009; Morán Faúndes, 2013). For example, abortion is illegal under any circumstances, including incest or rape (Amnesty International, 2015), and divorce, which was not legalized until 2004, is opposed by the Catholic Church (Blofield, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Aggression Victimization and Perpetration among Male and Female College Students in Chile

et al. 2016

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Evidence on the prevalence of sexual aggression among college students is primarily based on studies from Western countries. In Chile, a South American country strongly influenced by the Catholic Church, little research on sexual aggression among college students is available. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the prevalence of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration since the age of 14 (the legal age of consent) in a sample of male and female students aged between 18 and 29 years from five Chilean universities (N = 1135), to consider possible gender differences, and to study the extent to which alcohol was involved in the reported incidents of perpetration and victimization. Sexual aggression victimization and perpetration was measured with a Chilean Spanish version of the Sexual Aggression and Victimization Scale (SAV-S), which includes three coercive strategies (use or threat of physical force, exploitation of an incapacitated state, and verbal pressure), three victim-perpetrator constellations (current or former partners, friends/acquaintances, and strangers), and four sexual acts (sexual touch, attempted sexual intercourse, completed sexual intercourse, and other sexual acts, such as oral sex). Overall, 51.9% of women and 48.0% of men reported at least one incident of sexual victimization, and 26.8% of men and 16.5% of women reported at least one incident of sexual aggression perpetration since the age of 14. For victimization, only few gender differences were found, but significantly more men than women reported sexual aggression perpetration. A large proportion of perpetrators also reported victimization experiences. Regarding victim-perpetrator relationship, sexual aggression victimization and perpetration were more common between persons who knew each other than between strangers. Alcohol use by the perpetrator, victim, or both was involved in many incidents of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration, particularly among strangers. The present data are the first to provide a systematic and detailed picture of sexual aggression among college students in Chile, including victimization and perpetration reports by both men and women and confirming the critical role of alcohol established in past research from Western countries.

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Religion and intimate partner violence in Chile: Macro- and micro-level influences

Cited by 25 publications

References 40 publications

Intimate Partner Violence Victimization and Associated Factors among Male and Female University Students in 22 Countries in Africa, Asia and the Americas

Intimate Partner Violence Victimization and Associated Factors among Male and Female University Students in 22 Countries in Africa, Asia and the Americas

Sexual and dating violence among adolescents and young adults in Chile: a review of findings from a survey of university students

Sexual Aggression Victimization and Perpetration among Male and Female College Students in Chile

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