Evidence on the prevalence of sexual aggression among college students is primarily based on studies from Western countries. In Chile, a South American country strongly influenced by the Catholic Church, little research on sexual aggression among college students is available. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the prevalence of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration since the age of 14 (the legal age of consent) in a sample of male and female students aged between 18 and 29 years from five Chilean universities (N = 1135), to consider possible gender differences, and to study the extent to which alcohol was involved in the reported incidents of perpetration and victimization. Sexual aggression victimization and perpetration was measured with a Chilean Spanish version of the Sexual Aggression and Victimization Scale (SAV-S), which includes three coercive strategies (use or threat of physical force, exploitation of an incapacitated state, and verbal pressure), three victim-perpetrator constellations (current or former partners, friends/acquaintances, and strangers), and four sexual acts (sexual touch, attempted sexual intercourse, completed sexual intercourse, and other sexual acts, such as oral sex). Overall, 51.9% of women and 48.0% of men reported at least one incident of sexual victimization, and 26.8% of men and 16.5% of women reported at least one incident of sexual aggression perpetration since the age of 14. For victimization, only few gender differences were found, but significantly more men than women reported sexual aggression perpetration. A large proportion of perpetrators also reported victimization experiences. Regarding victim-perpetrator relationship, sexual aggression victimization and perpetration were more common between persons who knew each other than between strangers. Alcohol use by the perpetrator, victim, or both was involved in many incidents of sexual aggression victimization and perpetration, particularly among strangers. The present data are the first to provide a systematic and detailed picture of sexual aggression among college students in Chile, including victimization and perpetration reports by both men and women and confirming the critical role of alcohol established in past research from Western countries.

El presente artículo evalúa de manera comparativa la validez de Social Identities and Personal Identity Scale –SIPI- en el contexto chileno y aplicada en formato virtual utilizando dos métodos diferentes de análisis. A partir de una muestra de 6 64 estudiantes universitarios chilenos se aplicó la escala y se realizaron estudios de validez con la técnica de análisis confirmatorio y la técnica de análisis de redes sociales. Los resultados muestran que en situaciones donde los análisis tradicionales de validez de ítems de cuestionarios, como el caso del objetivo del estudio, muestran resultados ambiguos, el ARS entrega un resultado complementario, permitiendo  llegar a conclusiones más certeras sobre la evaluación de la escala. Si bien ambos se basan en lógicas analíticas similares, las mediciones que ofrece el ARS, además, permiten estudiar la bondad de ajuste. Finalmente, los resultados de estos análisis permiten aceptar el SIPI como una escala válida para la medición de la identidad personal y social en Chile y en formato online.

In Chile, studies on protective factors and risk factors for sexual violence are limited and very few have incorporated analysis of different types of capital (social, economic, human) as social resources in the protection against sexual violence. The objective of this research is to evaluate to what extent the stock of different capitals act together, as either protective or risk factors in sexual violence in different interpersonal environments. The sample consisted of 1665 women between 15 and 30 years of age (M = 23.47, SD = 4.41). Artificial neural network analysis and social network analysis were used. The nodes representative of human and economic capital have a protective role of low relevance due to their position in the network, while the nodes of social capital acquire a structural relevance due to the central positions of the network. It is concluded that the structural social capital of neighborhood networks constitutes the main protective factor for sexual violence in all areas, and in turn, the structural social capital of networks with non-significant others was the main risk factor in sexual victimization.

Introducción a la Sección Especial "Salud Mental e Infancia"

Esta investigación tiene como propósito identificar los tipos de ciudadanías que emergen en el Chile preconstituyente (previo al estallido social y convención constituyente) según los tipos de derechos que las personas definen como prioritarios y que, como tal, reflejan las bases sobre las cuales se definirá el proceso constituyente que actualmente se encuentra en marcha. Para lograr esto, se estudiaron los derechos mencionados por cerca de 90 mil personas que participaron en los cabildos ciudadanos realizados en 2016. El análisis se realizó a través de dos técnicas complementarias, la primera fue la aplicación de redes neuronales artificiales, con el fin de identificar la base relacional de los derechos. Luego, y mediante algunas técnicas de ARS, se especificaron las bases de ciudadanías que estaban presente en estas deliberaciones populares.  Los resultados indican que, a través de las distintas configuraciones relacionales de los derechos mencionados por los participantes, se evidencia la emergencia de ciudadanías más tradicionales (liberales y republicanas) y otras, con una mayor fuerza, alineadas con los procesos políticos y movilizaciones sociales actuales, estas son: ciudadanía moderna, multicultural y diferenciada.