Religião no tratamento da doença renal crônica: comparação entre médicos e pacientes

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease is a disease with high morbidity and mortality. The daily life of affected patients includes negative feelings, fear of prognosis, disability, and economic dependence, as well as challenges related to changes in self-image. Religion and spirituality can be important resources in dealing with these difficulties. To test this hypothesis a qualitative, descriptive study was undertaken at the Hospital das Clínicas Samuel Libânio, Pouso Alegre/MG, in order to verify from the point of view of both doctors and patients if they believe that religion influences the treatment of the disease. For doctors, religion represents a strength and a comfort when facing any disease. Patients, however, identify religion with the hope that they will get better. While the significance of religion in their lives was different between the groups, both agreed that it represents a beneficial factor in the life of patients, providing relief, support and optimism. Keywords: Religion. Renal insufficiency, chronic. Qualitative research. Quality of life. Bioethics. ResumoReligião no tratamento da doença renal crônica: comparação entre médicos e pacientes A insuficiência renal crônica é uma doença de elevada morbimortalidade. O cotidiano dos pacientes acometidos reveste-se de sentimentos negativos, medo do prognóstico, incapacidade, dependência econômica, além daqueles relacionados à alteração da autoimagem. A religião e a espiritualidade podem ser recursos importantes para lidar com essas dificuldades. Para verificar essa hipótese, realizou-se no Hospital das Clínicas Samuel Libânio de Pouso Alegre/MG estudo qualitativo descritivo, objetivando avaliar, do ponto de vista do médico e do paciente, em que medida a religião influi no tratamento da doença. Para os médicos, a religião representa força e conforto no enfrentamento de qualquer doença. Já os pacientes, todavia, depositam na religião a esperança de que irão melhorar. O significado da religião em suas vidas foi distinto entre os dois grupos analisados; entretanto, ambos concordam que a religião configura um fator benéfico na vida do paciente, propiciando alívio, suporte e otimismo. Palavras-chave: Religião. Insuficiência renal crônica. Pesquisa qualitativa. Qualidade de vida. Bioética. ResumenReligión en el tratamiento de la enfermedad renal crónica: una comparación entre médicos y pacientes La insuficiencia renal crónica es una enfermedad con una elevada morbilidad y mortalidad. La vida diaria de los pacientes afectados es de sentimientos negativos, el miedo ante el pronóstico, la incapacidad, la dependencia económica, además de aquello relacionado con el cambio de imagen de sí mismo. La religión y la espiritualidad pueden ser recursos importantes para hacer frente a estas dificultades. Para comprobar esta hipótesis, se llevó a cabo en el Hospital das Clínicas Samuel Libânio, de Pouso Alegre/MG un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, con el fin de verificar, desde el punto de vista del médico y del paciente en qué medida la religión influye en el tratamiento de...

“Waiting for a miracle”: Spirituality/Religiosity in coping with sickle cell disease

“…Additionally, when chronic kidney patients were asked about the importance of religion in the treatment of their disease, 90% of the patients responded: "hoping that I will improve. " This clearly demonstrates the relevance of spirituality and religion in the treatment of chronic diseases, insofar as they are accumulating hope, making each patient's life more dignified and comfortable (13) .…”

“…A hereditary disease of high prevalence in the world, SCD affects hemoglobin (Hb), resulting in an abnormal hemoglobin called S (HbS), which causes polymerization of HbS with consequent deformation of sickle-shaped red blood cells. As they become more rigid, they cause a phenomenon of vascular obstruction, episodes of pain, injury of various organs, and visible bodily changes (12)(13) .…”

“…As the body is a social reflex, it is illogical to exclusively attribute its experiences to biological processes, since its behavior symbolizes a relationship with the world, with itself, and with others. The body changes caused by SCD negatively influence the patients' self-image, which can lead to serious psychological illnesses, such as depression and suicidal ideation, especially during painful crises (13) .…”

“…The nursing team plays an important role in the care of people with SCD, because its members stimulate self-care by means of health education aimed at the empowerment of these individuals, identify and develop therapies to manage symptoms, act to manage and relieve pain, and adopt an integral idea about people with SCD (13) . However, in order to adopt a welcoming attitude towards those who suffer with chronic illnesses, nurses need to know and understand the beliefs, representations, and practices adopted by patients in search for relief from their suffering.…”

Avaliação da espiritualidade e religiosidade de pacientes com doença renal crônica em hemodiálise / Evaluation of spirituality and religiosity of patients with chronic renal disease on hemodialysis

“…A experiência do processo terapêutico envolve mudanças significativas tanto na vida social como familiar, acarretando a dependência da previdência social e a perda da autonomia. Os pacientes descrevem o aumento nas limitações físicas, decorrentes do cansaço e dores constantes, que os impedem de realizar tarefas cotidianas (16).…”