Relieving Congestion by Adding Road Capacity and Tolling

Fields, Gregory P.; Hartgen, D T; Moore, Adrian T.; Poole, Robert W.

doi:10.1080/15568310802260013

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Increases in road density and traffic volumes are typical features associated with greater urbanisation and human population growth, and are therefore fundamental considerations in conserving biodiversity [62] . A key planning decision that needs to be made for reducing the impact of roads on wildlife is whether we should accommodate increased traffic loads by increasing traffic on existing roads, by increasing the density of roads, or through a combination of both [63] . We have shown that, by using a simple model of animal movement and road mortality, key insights can be gained about the relative impacts of increases in road density versus increases in traffic volume on existing roads.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the vast majority of cases, we found that increasing road density elevated mortality rates more rapidly than did increasing traffic volume on existing roads. Decisions about where and how to build additional road capacity are governed by a range of factors, such as the spatial distribution of capacity requirements and implications for congestion [63] . However, our study indicates that strategies that focus on the creation of new roads are likely to be more harmful to wildlife than those that build capacity within an existing network.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Few Large Roads or Many Small Ones? How to Accommodate Growth in Vehicle Numbers to Minimise Impacts on Wildlife

Rhodes

Lunney

Callaghan³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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Roads and vehicular traffic are among the most pervasive of threats to biodiversity because they fragmenting habitat, increasing mortality and opening up new areas for the exploitation of natural resources. However, the number of vehicles on roads is increasing rapidly and this is likely to continue into the future, putting increased pressure on wildlife populations. Consequently, a major challenge is the planning of road networks to accommodate increased numbers of vehicles, while minimising impacts on wildlife. Nonetheless, we currently have few principles for guiding decisions on road network planning to reduce impacts on wildlife in real landscapes. We addressed this issue by developing an approach for quantifying the impact on wildlife mortality of two alternative mechanisms for accommodating growth in vehicle numbers: (1) increasing the number of roads, and (2) increasing traffic volumes on existing roads. We applied this approach to a koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) population in eastern Australia and quantified the relative impact of each strategy on mortality. We show that, in most cases, accommodating growth in traffic through increases in volumes on existing roads has a lower impact than building new roads. An exception is where the existing road network has very low road density, but very high traffic volumes on each road. These findings have important implications for how we design road networks to reduce their impacts on biodiversity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Few Large Roads or Many Small Ones? How to Accommodate Growth in Vehicle Numbers to Minimise Impacts on Wildlife

Rhodes

Lunney

Callaghan³

et al. 2014

PLoS ONE

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show abstract

“…ough it does not necessarily hold true for each individual road development project, it is commonly referred to in the transport planning literature to point out that urban road capacity expansion projects often do not bring the desirable user benefits-i.e., they do not speed up the car journeys, smoothen out the traffic flow, relieve traffic jams, etc. as expected-as in longer run they will attract additional flows [22]. Notably, the traffic induction is not only related to the road network itself but also to parking policy [23], road pricing policy, and land use [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Lewis–Mogridge Points: A Nonarbitrary Method to Include Induced Traffic in Cost-Benefit Analyses

Kucharski

Paszkowski

Szarata

2020

Journal of Advanced Transportation

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We propose a new method to estimate benefits of road network improvements, which allows to include the induced demand without arbitrary assumptions. Instead of estimating induced demand (which is nontrivial and hardly possible in practice), we search for demand induction where initial benefits are mitigated to zero. Such approach allows to formulate a dual measure of benefit, covering both the potential benefits and the likelihood of consuming them by the induced traffic. We first estimate benefits of road network improvement assuming that traffic demand is fixed. Consequently, we find demand model configurations at which the benefits of the new investment become null, i.e., all the initial benefits are consumed by the traffic demand growth. We call such states of induced demand the Lewis–Mogridge points of the analysed improvement. We select the most probable of such points and use it to calculate the proposed novel indicator μ, for which the initial benefits (obtained under a fixed-demand assumption) are multiplied with a demand increase rate needed to consume them. We believe that such measure allows to include the critical phenomena of induced traffic and, at the same time, to overcome problems associated with reliable estimation of induced demand. As we illustrate with the case of two alternative road improvement schemes in Kraków, Poland, the proposed method allows to estimate maximal threshold of induced traffic and to select scenario more resilient to induced traffic.

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“…The impact of congestion also causes huge losses for road users, especially in terms of wasting fuel (Susanti, 2015), wasting time and convenience (Tamin, 2008). In a study by Fields et al, (2009) stated that community productivity will be low if they spend more time stuck in traffic jams, and according to Rahane & Saharkar in C Jalagat & M Jalagat, (2016), community productivity is low due to increased stress levels on the road. highway.…”

Section: Traffic Congestionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of traffic congestion on road users in Tangerang City

Sekarsari

Dwiatmoko

2022

astonjadro

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One of the negative impacts of transportation problems is congestion. Traffic congestion in urban areas is gradually becoming an important social and economic problem that needs to be addressed. Tangerang City is one of the supporting cities for the Jakarta metropolitan area as well as an area with a significant increase in population and vehicles, resulting in an increase in the number of people's movements or mobility in order to meet the needs of life. Meanwhile, the length of roads in Tangerang City during 2018-2019 did not increase and it is possible that there will be an imbalance between movement and available road capacity or minimal accessibility. The research approach used is quantitative with primary data sources obtained from closed questionnaire instruments from 180 road user respondents at the TangCity Mall intersection, Tangerang City. Analysis of the data used is a structural equation model with the AMOS 22.00 program to determine the factors that influence the impact of congestion. The results of the analysis show that the factors that most influence the impact of congestion are decreased concentration and loss of energy during traffic jams, which are more common in men who are married at the age of over 35 years, with a diploma level of education, as well as the type of work as a Civil Servant.

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Relieving Congestion by Adding Road Capacity and Tolling

Cited by 20 publications

References 1 publication

A Few Large Roads or Many Small Ones? How to Accommodate Growth in Vehicle Numbers to Minimise Impacts on Wildlife

A Few Large Roads or Many Small Ones? How to Accommodate Growth in Vehicle Numbers to Minimise Impacts on Wildlife

Lewis–Mogridge Points: A Nonarbitrary Method to Include Induced Traffic in Cost-Benefit Analyses

Impact of traffic congestion on road users in Tangerang City

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