Reliability of dipstick assay in predicting urinary tract infection

Mambatta, Anith Kumar; Jayarajan, Jayalakshmi; Rashme, Vinitha L; Harini, Sanchitha; Menon, Sujaya; Kuppusamy, Jayachandran

doi:10.4103/2249-4863.154672

Cited by 106 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Leukocytes are the main marker of inflammation in the urinary tract (9, 10) whereas the presence of erythrocytes (hematuria) or hemoglobin from lysed erythrocytes (hemoglobinuria) are indicators of cellular damage within the urinary tract. We also added sodium nitrite because the presence of blood, leukocytes, and nitrites together is a more specific indicator for cystitis (10).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Artificial Urine for Teaching Urinalysis Concepts and Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection in the Medical Microbiology Laboratory

Khan

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Ritchie

et al. 2017

J Microbiol Biol Educ.

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Dipstick urinalysis is an informative, quick, cost-effective and non-invasive diagnostic tool that is useful in clinical practice for the diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTIs), kidney diseases, and diabetes. We used dipstick urinalysis as a hands-on microbiology laboratory exercise to reinforce student learning about UTIs with a particular focus on cystitis, which is a common bacterial infection. To avoid exposure to potentially contaminated human urine samples, we prepared artificial urine using easily acquired and affordable ingredients, which allowed less-experienced students to perform urinalysis without the risk of exposure to pathogenic organisms and ensured reliable availability of the urine samples. This practical class taught medical students how to use urinalysis data in conjunction with medical history to diagnose diseases from urine samples and to determine a treatment plan for clinical scenarios.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also added sodium nitrite because the presence of blood, leukocytes, and nitrites together is a more specific indicator for cystitis (10). Table 2 shows the composition of each urine sample.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial Urine for Teaching Urinalysis Concepts and Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection in the Medical Microbiology Laboratory

Khan

Read

Ritchie

et al. 2017

J Microbiol Biol Educ.

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“…We defined trichomoniasis as the visualisation of motile protozoa and candidiasis as the observation of budding yeasts, pseudohyphae or hyphal forms on microscopy. The study nurse performed urinalysis immediately after urine collection using Multistix ® 10 SG reagent strip (Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Pennsylvania, USA) and UTI was indicated by the presence of nitrite in a freshly voided urine sample [32]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Providing lipid-based nutrient supplement during pregnancy does not reduce the risk of maternal P falciparum parasitaemia and reproductive tract infections: a randomised controlled trial

Nkhoma

Ashorn

Dewey

et al. 2017

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

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BackgroundMaternal infections are associated with maternal and foetal adverse outcomes. Nutrient supplementation during pregnancy may reduce the occurrence of infections by improving maternal immunity. We aimed to investigate the impact of small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplement (SQ-LNS) on the occurrence of Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia during pregnancy and trichomoniasis, vaginal candidiasis and urinary tract infection (UTI) after delivery.MethodsPregnant Malawian women enrolled in the iLiNS-DYAD trial receiving daily supplementation with SQ-LNS, multiple micronutrients (MMN) or iron & folic acid (IFA) from <20 gestation weeks (gw) were assessed for P. falciparum parasitaemia at 32 gw using rapid diagnostic testing (RDT), at 36 gw using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and at delivery using both RDT and PCR; and at one week after delivery for trichomoniasis and vaginal candidiasis using wet mount microscopy and for UTI using urine dipstick analysis. The prevalence of each infection by intervention group was estimated at the prescribed time points and the global null hypothesis was tested using logistic regression. Adjusted analyses were performed using preselected covariates.ResultsThe prevalence of P. falciparum parasitaemia was 10.7% at 32 gw, 9% at 36 gw, and 8.3% by RDT and 20.2% by PCR at delivery. After delivery the prevalence of trichomoniasis was 10.5%, vaginal candidiasis was 0.5%, and UTI was 3.1%. There were no differences between intervention groups in the prevalence of any of the infections.ConclusionIn this population, SQ-LNS did not influence the occurrence of maternal P. falciparum parasitaemia, trichomoniasis, vaginal candidiasis or UTI.Trial registrationIdentifier: NCT01239693 (10 November 2010).Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12884-016-1215-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…1). Die Diagnosesicherheit ist dann erhöht, wenn die Teststreifenfelder für Leuko&Nitrit, Leuko&Ery oder nur Nitrit positiv sind [48,72] …”

Section: » Die Urinkultur Ermöglicht Den Gezielten Einsatz Von Antibiunclassified

Rezidivierende und katheterassoziierte Harnwegsinfektionen

Piechota

2017

Urologe

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Urinay tract infection (UTI) as one of the most frequent bacterial infections in humans is of utmost relevance. Because of the rising prevalence of antimicrobial resistance, urinalysis should always include urine culture and a resistogram in order to avoid an unspecific selection and overuse of antibiotics. Prevention of recurrent UTI must first of all rule out predisposing uropathogenic conditions. Nowadays, a great variety of drugs, behavioral, and supportive treatment options can effectively minimize UTI recurrence. The growing importance of vaccines (immunotherapy), probiotics (lactobacilli), and standardized herbal preparations meets the need of reducing antibiotic use and the development of antimicrobial resistance. Around 80% of all nosocomial UTIs (nUTIs) are associated with indwelling urinary catheters. It is estimated that up to 70% of all nUTIs occurring in Germany may be avoided by using appropriate preventative measures. Therefore, profound knowledge about the basics of catheter-associated nUTIs and the correct management of urinary catheters are of utmost individual and socioeconomic importance.

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Reliability of dipstick assay in predicting urinary tract infection

Cited by 106 publications

References 21 publications

Artificial Urine for Teaching Urinalysis Concepts and Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection in the Medical Microbiology Laboratory

Artificial Urine for Teaching Urinalysis Concepts and Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection in the Medical Microbiology Laboratory

Providing lipid-based nutrient supplement during pregnancy does not reduce the risk of maternal P falciparum parasitaemia and reproductive tract infections: a randomised controlled trial

Rezidivierende und katheterassoziierte Harnwegsinfektionen

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