Reliability and Validity of Scores of a Chinese Version of the Frenchay Activities Index

Abstract

Objective-To develop a Chinese version of the Frenchay Activities Index (FAI-C) and evaluate the reliability and validity of its scores. Design-A two-week test-retest study.Setting-Chinese community in Vancouver, BC, Canada.Participants-Data were collected using a convenience sample of Chinese immigrants living in Vancouver, BC, Canada. Of the 73 participants, data from 66 participants were included in the analysis. The total sample included two subsamples: community dwelling (n = 32), and assisted living (n = 34). Participants were 65 years or older, lived in Canada for more than five years and were able to read Chinese. Interventions-Not applicable. Main Outcome Measure-FAI-C scores.Results-Test-retest reliability of the FAI-C scores assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0.86 (95% Confidence interval (CI) = 0.79-0.92) for the total sample, 0.89 (95% CI = 0.78-0.94) for the community dwelling subsample, and 0.71 (95% CI = 0.50-0.85) for the assisted living subsample. The minimal detectable difference (MDD) at 95% CI was 8.64. Correlations between the FAI-C and the Reintegration to Normal Living Index (r = 0.61, p < 0.01), Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale (r = 0.55, p < 0.01), and Timed Up and Go (r = − 0.68, p < 0.01) were in the a priori hypothesized direction and magnitude.Corresponding Author: William C Miller; address: G F Strong Rehabilitation Centre, 4255 Laurel Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V5Z 2G9;; bcmiller@telus.net. Financial Disclosure: We certify that no party having a direct interest in the results of the research supporting this article has or will confer a benefit on us or on any organization with which we are associated AND, if applicable, we certify that all financial and material support for this research (eg, NIH or NHS grants) CIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author Manuscript CIHR Author ManuscriptConclusions-The FAI-C scores are reliable and there is support for validity. This tool enables us to measure social participation level in the Chinese-speaking population. KeywordsAsian continental ancestry group; Rehabilitation; Reproducibility of results A commonly identified limitation of many studies is that a certain contingent of the population may need to be excluded from the study because the instruments of interest were not available in the mother tongue of a section of the population. Chinese is the most common language in the world, yet many commonly used health-related outcome measures are not available in this language. Many of our studies inquire about the activities participants perform in their own community. Despite representing such a large proportion of our population, we are often compelled to exclude Chinese-speaking participants from research studies because of language barriers. The exclusion of otherwise eligible immigrant population could lead to systematic bias when only representing the dominant ethnicity of the country. 4 Therefore, it is imperative for outcome measures to be translated and validated in other languages.Se...

Validation of the Frenchay activity index on stroke victims

“…This divergence may have occurred because individuals in the latter studies were evaluated one year after stroke and the second inter-rater assessment occurred seven to 20 days after the first evaluation. Thus, the results could have been influenced by recall bias or health changes occurring during the period between tests 20 . The present study demonstrated a significant correlation, although weak, using Spearman's test, between the FAI and NIHSS scores in the acute phase, possibly due to the additional association of other variables with the outcome NIHSS scores.…”

Measurement properties of self-report physical activity assessment tools for patients with stroke: a systematic review

“…Therefore, 19 studies were included in this systematic review. 19---37 The following six self-report measures of physical activity levels were identified, three of them in two different versions: 19,21,24 The Activity Card Sort (ACS and ACS-Hong Kong version), 19,34 Coded Activity Diary, 35 Frenchay Activities Index (FAI and FAI-chinese version), 23---32,36,37 Human Activity Profile (HAP), 33 Multimedia Activity Recall for Children and Adults (MARCA), 22 and the Nottingham Leisure Questionnaire (original and short versions). 20,21 These measures are described in Table 1.…”

“…Three studies investigated internal consistency: two showed ''poor'', ACS 19 and FAI, 32 and one ''good'', FAI, 25 methodological quality. Reliability was analyzed in 11 studies: three showed ''poor'', FAI 23,36 and Nottingham Leisure Questionnaire, 20 five '' fair'', FAI, 27---29 MARCA 22 and Nottingham Leisure Questionnaire, 21 and three ''good'', ACS 19 and FAI, 24,26 methodological quality. Measurement error was described in one study with ''good'', FAI, 26 methodological quality.…”

Determination of a Cut-Off Point of a Scale for Achievement Motive in Geriatrics That Predicts the Frequency of Undertaking Instrumental Activities of Daily Living in Community-Dwelling Elderly People

“…International University (No. [17][18][19][20][21][22]. The participants had the right to withdraw from the study at any time for any reason.…”

“…The FAI was originally developed to assess the status of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) for stroke patients [12], and many studies have been conducted with patients with various illnesses and injuries, including lower limb amputation [13], multiple sclerosis [14], and spinal cord injury [15], and it has also been applied to the general elderly population [16]. The validity and reliability of various country-specific translations of the scales have been confirmed, including, for the Japanese, Chinese, and Korean versions [17] [18] [19]. Several studies on factor analysis of FAI have been reported.…”