Reliability and NDT Methods

Santos, Telmo G.; Oliveira, J.P.; Machado, Miguel A.; Inácio, Patrick L.; Duarte, Valdemar R.; Rodrigues, Tiago A.; Santos, Rui; Simão, Carlos; Carvalho, Marta; Martins, Ana P.; Nascimento, Micael; Novais, Susana; Ferreira, Marta S.; Pinto, João; Fernandes, Francisco Manuel Braz; Camacho, Edgar; Viana, J. C.; Miranda, Rosa Maria Mendes

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-44522-5_8

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…The standard depth of penetration (SDP) corresponds to the depth at which the eddy current density is less than 37% of the surface EC density generated in a homogenous and isotropic material part. Due to the physical nature of EC, this depends on the frequency used, the material magnetic permeability and its electrical conductivity [15]. Being the magnetic permeability and electric conductivity intrinsic to the material, the option to change the penetration depth relies on the operation frequency.…”

Section: Laser-brazed Welding Geometrical and Materials Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

New directions for inline inspection of automobile laser welds using non-destructive testing

Machado

Rosado

Mendes

et al. 2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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An innovative pilot installation and eddy current testing (ECT) inspection system for laser-brazed joints is presented. The proposed system detects both surface and sub-surface welding defects operating autonomously and integrated with a robotized arm. Customized eddy current probes were designed and experimentally validated detecting pore defects with 0.13 mm diameter and sub-surface defects buried 1 mm deep. The integration of the system and the manufacturing process towards an Industry 4.0 quality control paradigm is also discussed.

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Section: Laser-brazed Welding Geometrical and Materials Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

New directions for inline inspection of automobile laser welds using non-destructive testing

Machado

Rosado

Mendes

et al. 2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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“…Currently, continuous and real-time SHM systems are assisted with the classical Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) techniques, such as ultrasounds [ 2 ], X-rays [ 3 ], infrared thermography [ 4 ], holographic interferometry [ 5 ], eddy currents [ 6 , 7 ], and terahertz [ 8 ], among others, which require highly specialised labour along with expensive procedures. Furthermore, periodic inspections, which are the most traditional form of structural monitoring, are unable to provide any information on accidents and failures that occur between two successive revisions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embedded Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring: Methodologies and Applications Review

Ferreira

Machado

Carvalho

et al. 2022

Sensors

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Sensing Technology (ST) plays a key role in Structural Health-Monitoring (SHM) systems. ST focuses on developing sensors, sensory systems, or smart materials that monitor a wide variety of materials’ properties aiming to create smart structures and smart materials, using Embedded Sensors (ESs), and enabling continuous and permanent measurements of their structural integrity. The integration of ESs is limited to the processing technology used to embed the sensor due to its high-temperature sensitivity and the possibility of damage during its insertion into the structure. In addition, the technological process selection is dependent on the base material’s composition, which comprises either metallic or composite parts. The selection of smart sensors or the technology underlying them is fundamental to the monitoring mode. This paper presents a critical review of the fundaments and applications of sensing technologies for SHM systems employing ESs, focusing on their actual developments and innovation, as well as analysing the challenges that these technologies present, in order to build a path that allows for a connected world through distributed measurement systems.

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“…Conventional Non-destructive testing (NDT) often cannot fulfil these new requirements, implying the research and development of new, innovative approaches that provide a greater knowledge on how these materials behave, especially in demanding jobs [1,2]. There are currently some challenges, for example, regarding the inspection of composites, including polymer matrix composites, such model complexity [3] and relevant polymers properties, such as low thermal and electrical conductivity [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%