Sensing Technology (ST) plays a key role in Structural Health-Monitoring (SHM) systems. ST focuses on developing sensors, sensory systems, or smart materials that monitor a wide variety of materials’ properties aiming to create smart structures and smart materials, using Embedded Sensors (ESs), and enabling continuous and permanent measurements of their structural integrity. The integration of ESs is limited to the processing technology used to embed the sensor due to its high-temperature sensitivity and the possibility of damage during its insertion into the structure. In addition, the technological process selection is dependent on the base material’s composition, which comprises either metallic or composite parts. The selection of smart sensors or the technology underlying them is fundamental to the monitoring mode. This paper presents a critical review of the fundaments and applications of sensing technologies for SHM systems employing ESs, focusing on their actual developments and innovation, as well as analysing the challenges that these technologies present, in order to build a path that allows for a connected world through distributed measurement systems.

There are increasing environmental and economic demands for the production of chemicals of industrial interest from renewable resources. Among the renewable products, short‐chain carboxylic acids (C1‐C6) stand out due to their importance in many sectors of the economy. Within this class, a wide variety of acids are industrially valuable as the precursors of many other chemicals for different applications, technological solutions, and markets. This makes it difficult to identify the most promising from a technical and economic standpoint. In this work, data on scientific papers and patents published between 2008 to 2017, related to the main bio‐based carboxylic acids, are used to identify the acids that are generating growing scientific and industrial interest. The biochemical processes in patents associated with the production of such acids are evaluated using a multicriteria approach that integrates valuation patent criteria. The results of this study show that acids that are of substantial commercial interest, such as acetic, citric, lactic, acrylic, and methacrylic acids, have the highest growth rate both in scientific papers and patents. In terms of biochemical processes, the multicriteria decision analysis showed that the most relevant processes described in patents were associated with ‘drop‐in’ acids such as methacrylic, adipic, maleic, acrylic, and glutaric acids. There is also a clear indication of the emergence of studies on low volume acids such as acetoacetic, acetolactic, muconic, and levulinic acids. In conclusion, the analysis shows that emerging scientific and technological production is conservative, focusing on acids with established markets, especially for the substitution of petrochemicals for immediate demand. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd

RESUMO:Situado no contexto dos estudos de gênero e violência, este artigo interpreta atos de violência praticados contra a mulher, nomeadamente aqueles em que a vítima procura os setores de apoio. É parte de uma pesquisa em desenvolvimento no Sul do Brasil. Problematiza a necessidade de "desconstruir velhas imagens" para dar lugar a "novas identidades" como forma de auxiliar a mulher a sair da condição de vítima, para protagonizar sua própria vida, como autora de suas escolhas e de sua história. Relaciona a urgência na revisão dos processos de socialização para imprimir, nas práticas cotidianas, com homens e mulheres, outro jeito de perceber, conceber e viver a condição de mulher e de homem na contemporaneidade. Parte do princípio de que não basta garantir direitos à mulher e/ou punir agressores. Considera urgente o testemunho de uma nova cultura sobre as questões de gênero. O problema evidenciado, nos primeiros contatos com o campo, sinaliza que o combate à violência de gênero tem íntima relação com as representações que as mulheres têm sobre a violência doméstica, pois a maior parte delas somente reconhece as violências físicas, ignorando outras formas. Genericamente, consideram naturais as desigualdades de gênero e acreditam ocupar lugar subalterno em relação aos homens. A violência de gênero é uma construção social, que fortalece a dominação masculina e oprime as mulheres. O desafio que se coloca é, pois, transformar a violência contra a mulher, de um problema privado, num problema público, ou seja, como um problema de direitos humanos e de igualdade de gênero. Palavras-chave: Identidades de gênero; Direitos humanos; Violência contra a mulher. ABSTRACT:Located in the context of studies on gender and violence, this paper interprets cases of violence against women, namely those in which the victim seeks for support services. It is part of a research being carried out in the southern region of Brazil, and debates the need

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Dysfagia and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): TCAs, by causing xerostomia (anticholinergic and antihistaminic effects) and inhibiting smooth muscle function, may contribute to dysphagia. Anticholinergic effects may also cause physiological impairment to the lower oesophageal sphincter resulting in or aggravating GERD. GI bleeding: AD with serotonergic action deplete platelet serotonin, leading to a reduced ability to form clots and a subsequent increase in the risk of bleeding. SSRIs and, with limited evidence, mirtazapine and bupropion, are associated with a similar GI bleeding risk, mostly of the upper GI tract. Microscopic colitis: May be iatrogenic -Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDS) and SSRIs (particularly sertraline) most implicated.