Release of metal ions from dental implant materials in vivo: Determination of Al, Co, Cr, Mo, Ni, V, and Ti in organ tissue

Abstract

Little is known of the release of trace elements in vivo from dental implant materials. Conflicting data have been reported in the literature as to the levels of trace elements released and their potential consequences, mainly because of sampling and analytical methodological errors. In this study methods for average concentration levels of Al, Cr, Co, Mo, Ni, Ti, and V in organs were developed using rabbit tissue from an in vivo implantation study. At least 50% of the brain, liver, lung, kidney, and spleen were taken minimizing contamination. The tissue was homogenized by cryogenic milling at LN2 temperature and then freeze-dried. Samples were digested in nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide using microwave energy. Standard reference materials were utilized for quality control. One liver sample was analyzed 10 times to assess the method precision. Absorbance values in blanks, standards, and test samples were measured using a Varian GTA 95 graphite furnace and 875 spectrophotometer. Very satisfactory method precision and quality control were recorded. Low or very low levels of the trace elements were found in the various organs.

Four‐year study of cobalt and chromium blood levels in patients managed with two different metal‐on‐metal total hip replacements

“…Although the cause-and-effect relationship between metal wear debris and local or systemic disease has not been conclusively proved, complications from metal wear products are a subject for concern [18,31,35]. Any metal-on-metal bearing combination used in joint replacements must, therefore, be designed and manufactured in such a way as to produce minimal debris.…”

In vivo reduction of amyloid-β by a mutant copper transporter

“…Analyses were performed in a dedicated trace element laboratory by using procedures published previously (35,36). All tx J , C3HeB͞FeJ, and TgCRND8͞tx J mice were injected with sodium pentobarbitol then transcardially perfused with 0.1 M PBS made with trace metal-free double-distilled H 2 O.…”

Liberação de íons por biomateriais metálicos

“…Os íons liberados pelo processo de degradação e corrosão não permanecem nas proximidades do metal implantado 19,26 . Vasos sanguíneos ou linfáti-cos, células e fluidos celulares transportam partí-culas metálicas para tecidos distantes como cére-bro, pele, cabelo, unhas e trato gastrointestinal 29 .…”

“…Elementos metálicos liberados pelo processo de corrosão de implantes bucais foram detectados nos tecidos adjacentes, saliva e tecidos distantes 17,29 . Quantidades variáveis de partículas de titânio foram detectadas em macrófagos, fibrócitos e células gigantes em tecidos adjacentes aos implantes de titânio 19,21,24,28 . Finet et al 10 analisaram a quantidade de titâ-nio liberada por implantes dentários, comparando titânio cp e ligas de titânio, com e sem cobertura de hidroxiapatita.…”

“…Lugowski et al 19 encontraram titânio, vanádio e alumínio no cérebro, rim, fígado e baço de coelhos. Schliephake et al 24 avaliaram a contaminação por titânio em miniporcos e observaram que os pulmões continham as maiores quantidades de titânio, sendo menor a quantidade nos rins e fígado.…”