Release of glucose repression of oxidative phosphorylation in Escherichia coli B by cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate

Hempfling, Walter P.; Beeman, Diane K.

doi:10.1016/0006-291x(71)90426-8

Cited by 26 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Despite these fluctuations, which are probably due to metabolic reorganization, the energy charge values were maintained at the levels characteristic of :he nongrowing, substrate-sufficient phases. Such stabilization of energy charge, irrespective of the adenine nucleotide pool levels, has been evident throughout these studies and strongly supports the idea that enzymes involved in AMP breakdown are influenced by the adenylate energy charge (Chapman & Atkinson, 1973 ;Schramm & Leung, 1973;Schramm & Lazorik, Since cyclic AMP influences many processes associated with bacterial bioenergetics (Hempfling, 1970;Hempfling & Beeman, 1971 ;Patrick & Dobrogosz, 1973;Broman et a/., 1974;Ezzell & Dobrogosz, 1975;Hempfling & Mainzer, 1975;Takahashi, 1g75), we tested the effect of added cyclic AMP on glucose-grown carbon-and nitrogen-limited cultures of B. natriegens. In both cases, cyclic AMP had little or no effect on the energy charge or bacterial ATP contents during exponential growth (Fig.…”

Section: Energy Charge In Beneckea Natriegenssupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Cyclic AMP levels are involved in the control of tricarboxylic acid cycle enzyme synthesis (Takahashi, I 975) and various membrane-associated phenomena (see Patrick & Dobrogosz, I 973) including cytochrome synthesis (Broman,Dobrogosz & White,197& membrane transport (Ezzell & Drobrogosz, 1975) and possibly oxidative phosphorylation (Hempfling, 1970;Hempfling & Beeman, 1971 ;Hempfling & Mainzer, 1975). In addition, adenylate cyclase (EC.…”

Section: F N I V E N P a C O L L I N S A N D C J K N O W L E Smentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adenylate Energy Charge during Batch Culture of Beneckea natriegens

Niven

Collins

Knowles

1977

Journal of General Microbiology

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Section: Energy Charge In Beneckea Natriegenssupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: F N I V E N P a C O L L I N S A N D C J K N O W L E Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenylate Energy Charge during Batch Culture of Beneckea natriegens

Niven

Collins

Knowles

1977

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…Addition of cAMP to cells growing in the presence of glucose has also been shown to elevate the synthesis of some tricarboxylic acid enzymes (18) and cytochromes (5), as well as increase the efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation (16). Furthermore, heme biosynthesis is also under the control of this mechanism (41).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the oxygen-dependent promoter of the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene in Escherichia coli

Khosla

Bailey

1989

J Bacteriol

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The gene coding for the VitreoscUla hemoglobin (VHb) molecule has been cloned and functionally expressed in Escherichia coli. By using a plasmid-encoded gene as well as single-copy integrants, the oxygen-dependent VHb gene (VHb) promoter was shown to be functional in E. coli. The promoter was maximally induced under microaerobic conditions (dissolved oxygen levels of less than 2% air saturation). Direct analysis of mRNA levels as well as the use of gene fusions with lacZ showed that oxygen-dependent regulation occurred at the level of transcription. Transcriptional activity decreased substantially under anaerobic conditions, suggesting the presence of a regulatory mechanism that is maximally induced under hypoxic but not completely anaerobic conditions in E. coli. Primer extension analysis was used to identify the existence of two overlapping promoters within a 150-base-pair region upstream of the structural VHb gene. The oxygen-dependent activity of both promoters was qualitatively similar, suggesting the existence of a common mechanism by which available oxygen concentrations influence expression from the two promoters. Analysis of promoter activity in crp and cya mutants showed that both cyclic AMP and catabolite activator protein were required for full activity of the promoter. The VHb promoter contained a region of signfficant homology to the catabolite activator protein-binding site near the E. coli lac promoter.

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“…A great variety of effects of added cAMP, especially on catabolite repressed functions (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), have been seen in wildtype or adenylate cyclase-deficient mutants of several Gramnegative strains. No effects of added cAMP have been seen in Gram-positive species, although cAMP or adenylate cyclase have been detected in several Gram-positive species (4,7,(21)(22)(23).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenosine 3′:5′-Cyclic Monophosphate as a Regulator of Bacterial Transformation

Wise

Alexander

Powers

1973

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Adenosine 3': 5'-cyclic monophosphate added to exponentially growing cells of Hemophilus influenzae strain Rd increases competence for transformation 100-to 10,000-fold. Cyclic AMP added to near-stationary or stationary cells does not increase competence over the high level normally found in the early stationary phase.In most bacteria that can take up naked DNA and can incorporate genes of this DNA into its own chromosome, i.e., be transformed, highest levels of competence for transformation usually occur in late exponential phase and may persist into the stationary phase (1-3). Late exponential or stationary phase is also the time when highest concentrations of internal or external adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) occur in bacterial strains where this has been measured (4-7).A great variety of effects of added cAMP, especially on catabolite repressed functions (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), have been seen in wildtype or adenylate cyclase-deficient mutants of several Gramnegative strains. No effects of added cAMP have been seen in Gram-positive species, although cAMP or adenylate cyclase have been detected in several Gram-positive species (4,7,(21)(22)(23). Considering these facts it seemed reasonable to add cAMP to an exponentially growing culture of a transformable Gramnegative strain such as Hemophilus influenzae Rd (24,25) and to look for increased transformability. Our first experiment, using crude cell lysate DNA, succeeded in showing a 100-fold increase in competence with 1 mM cAMP. Subsequent improved techniques yield transformation frequencies up to 10,000-fold above the control level. The improvements especially include the use of saturating amounts of partially purified DNA. MATERIALS AND METHODSBacterial Strains. H. influenzae strain Rd of Alexander and Leidy (24) was the kind gift of R. M. Herriott. Spontaneous mutants of the strain resistant to 1000 Mug/ml of streptomycin or to 5 ,ug/ml of novobiocin (Cathomycin) were selected on supplemented brain-heart infusion (BHI) agar with the antibiotics. Strains were stored on supplemented BHI agar slants or plates at room temperature and were transferred every 5-7 days.Media. Cells were grown on solidified supplemented BHI agar or were added to molten (450) supplemented BHI agar.This agar is essentially as described by Goodgal and Herriott (25). Difco brain heart infusion broth was autoclaved and sterile hemin (25 Mg/ml) and sterile NAD (2 Mg/ml) were added to the cooled broth. 1% agar was added as required. Chemicals. cAMP was purchased from Sigma Co., Calbiochem, or P-L Biochemicals; cyclic GMP (cGMP), hemin, adenine nucleotides, and NAD were from Sigma Co. Beef heart 3':5' cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (29) was a Sigma Co. product. Novobiocin (Upjohn) and streptomycin (Schwarz-Mann) were used. RESULTSEffects of cAMP on Transformation of Exponentially Growing Cells. As shown in Fig. 1, additions of cAMP as low as 0.1 mM resulted in a marked increase in transformation frequencies of exponentially growing H. i...

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Release of glucose repression of oxidative phosphorylation in Escherichia coli B by cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate

Cited by 26 publications

References 7 publications

Adenylate Energy Charge during Batch Culture of Beneckea natriegens

Adenylate Energy Charge during Batch Culture of Beneckea natriegens

Characterization of the oxygen-dependent promoter of the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene in Escherichia coli

Adenosine 3′:5′-Cyclic Monophosphate as a Regulator of Bacterial Transformation

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