Release of Fragrances from Cotton Functionalized with Carbohydrate-Binding Module Proteins

Abstract

Perspiration as a response to daily activity and physical exercise results in unpleasant odors that cause social unrest and embarrassment. To tackle it, functional textiles incorporating fragrances could be an effective clothing deodorizing product. This work presents two strategies for the release of β-citronellol from functionalized cotton with carbohydrate-binding module (CBM)-based complexes (OBP::GQ 2 0 ::CBM/β-citronellol−approach 1 and CBM::GQ 20 ::SP-DS3-liposome/β-citronellol−approach 2). CBM from Cellulomonas f imi was fused with the odorantbinding protein (OBP::GQ 20 ::CBM) and with an anchor peptide with affinity to the liposome membrane (CBM::GQ 20 ::SP-DS3). In approach 1, OBP fusion protein served as a fragrance container, whereas in approach 2, the fragrance was loaded into liposomes with a higher cargo capacity. The two strategies showed a differentiated β-citronellol release profile triggered by an acidic sweat solution. OBP::GQ 20 ::CBM complex revealed a fast release (31.9% and 25.8% of the initial amount, after 1.5 and 24 h of exposure with acidic sweat solution, respectively), while the CBM::GQ 20 ::SP-DS3-liposome complex demonstrated a slower and controlled release (5.9% and 10.5% of the initial amount, after 1.5 and 24 h of exposure with acidic sweat solution, respectively). Both strategies revealed high potential for textile functionalization aimed at controlled release of fragrances. The OBP::GQ 20 ::CBM/β-citronellol complex is ideal for applications requiring fast release of a high amount of fragrance, whereas the CBM::GQ 20 ::SP-DS3-liposome/βcitronellol complex is more suitable for prolonged and controlled release of a lower amount of β-citronellol.

Keratin:Zein particles as vehicles for fragrance release on hair

“…The release of the fragrances from the hair treated with the Keratin: Zein particles encapsulating the menthol or the linalool fragrances, was evaluated by headspace GC-MS using manual injection of the SPME fiber (100 μm polydimethylsiloxane), as performed in Gonçalves et al (2019) (Gonçalves et al, 2019). Briefly, 500 μL of the Keratin:Zein particles (~15 mg/mL for the 2:1 Keratin:Zein ratio) encapsulating the fragrances were added to 30 mg of virgin Asian hair with 1.5 cm of length and were incubated at 25 • C for 1 h to promote the adsorption of the particles onto the hair.…”

“…The GC analyses were carried out using a GC Varian 4000 system with a split/splitless injector coupled to a mass spectrometer (MS). The GC-MS conditions for this analysis were based on Gonçalves et al (2019) (Gonçalves et al, 2019). Injections were operated at 250 • C in the split mode, with ratio 1:10 and using a Rxi-5Sil MS (Restek) column (30 m Å~ 0.25 mm, and 0.25 μm film thickness), with a column-head pressure of 7.3 psi using helium as carrier gas.…”

Biotechnological applications of mammalian odorant-binding proteins

“…The strength of the non-fluorescent ligand to bind to the OBP and replace the fluorescence probe is directly related to the affinity of this compound to the protein. Competitive assays have revealed that pig OBP has a capacity to bind a variety of different structural ligands including terpenoids (3,7-dimethyloctanol, carvone, b-citronellol), linear aldehydes (decanal, vanillin), and aromatic compounds (benzyl benzoate, coumarin) [29,48,65,66]. The authors in Tegoni et al [28] refers that the best ligands present dissociation constants in the interval of 0.1-1.0 mM [17,28].…”

“…OBPs can be used to monitor environmental contamination, detecting dangerous substances, hazardous agents, or in the detection of pathogens, pesticides, and drug residues in food [29,82]. Also, OBPs show potential to be used as deodorizers and in medical diagnostics (Figure 4) [12,66].…”

Encapsulation of Flavours and Fragrances into Polymeric Capsules and Cyclodextrins Inclusion Complexes: An Update

“…Indeed, the release was faster for the OBP-based approach with respect to the immobilised liposomes on the functionalised cotton (31.9% vs. 5.9% of the initial amount after 90 min, respectively). Therefore, the first strategy result is more suitable for applications in which a high amount of fragrances should be released in a shorter time, while the second strategy is potentially employed for fabrics from which the fragrance should desirably be released in a prolonged and controlled manner [126]. The most used coolant agent, menthol, which is able to penetrate through the stratum corneum, reaching the nerve termination and providing a freshening sensation, was loaded in a core-shell nanocapsule impregnated within nonwoven fabric.…”