Release and Recharge of Fluoride Ions from Acrylic Resin Modified with Bioactive Glass

Abstract

Background: Oral hygiene is essential for maintaining residual dentition of partial denture wearers. The dental material should positively affect the oral environment. Fluoride-releasing dental materials help to inhibit microbial colonization and formation of plaque as well as to initiate the remineralization process in the early cavity area. Aim: To evaluate fluoride ion release and recharge capacity, sorption, and solubility of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) dental resin modified with bioactive glass addition. Materials and methods: Two bioactive glass materials (5 wt% Kavitan, 10 wt% Kavitan, and 10 wt% Fritex) and pure 10 wt% NaF were added to dental acrylic resin. After polymerization of the modified resins, the release levels of fluoride anions were measured based on color complex formation by using a spectrophotometer after 7, 14, 28, and 35 days of storage in distilled water at 37 °C. Subsequently, specimens were brushed with a fluoride-containing tooth paste on each side for 30 s, and the fluoride recharge and release potential was investigated after 1, 7, and 14 days. Sorption and solubility after 7 days of storage in distilled water was also investigated. Results: The acrylic resins with addition of 10% bioactive glass materials released fluoride ions for over 4 weeks (from 0.14 to 2.27 µg/cm2). The amount of fluoride ions released from the PMMA resin with addition of 10 wt% Fritex glass was higher than that from the resin with addition of 10 wt% Kavitan. The acrylic resin containing 10 wt% NaF released a high amount of ions over a period of 1 week (1.58 µg/cm2), but the amount of released ions decreased rapidly after 14 days of storage. For specimens containing 5 wt% Kavitan glass, the ion-releasing capacity also lasted only for 14 days. Fluoride ion rechargeable properties were observed for the PMMA resin modified with addition of 10 wt% Fritex glass. The ion release levels after recharge ranged from 0.32 to 0.48 µg/cm2. Sorption values ranged from 10.23 μm/mm3 for unmodified PMMA resin to 12.11 μm/mm3 for specimens modified with 10 wt% Kavitan glass. No significant differences were found regarding solubility levels after 7 days. Conclusions: The addition of 10 wt% Fritex and 10 wt% Kavitan bioactive glass materials to heat-cured acrylic resin may improve its material properties, with bioactive fluoride ion release ability lasting for over 4 weeks. The resin modified with 10 wt% Fritex glass could absorb fluoride ions from the toothpaste solution and then effectively release them. Addition of fluoride releasing fillers have a small effect on sorption and solubility increase of the modified PMMA resin. Clinical significance: The addition of bioactive glass may be promising in the development of the novel bioactive heat-cured denture base resin.

Mechanical Properties, Cytotoxicity, and Fluoride Ion Release Capacity of Bioactive Glass-Modified Methacrylate Resin Used in Three-Dimensional Printing Technology

“…Various dental materials have been modified to prolong the fluoride-releasing action of resins. Some of the modification techniques involve the addition of sodium fluoride or other fluoride salts and incorporation of nanoparticles of calcium fluoride, full prereacted glass-ionomer fillers (F-PRG), and surface PRG cements (S-PRG) [ 15 ].…”

Assessment of Microstructure and Release of Fluoride Ions from Selected Fissure Sealants: An In Vitro Study

“…The dynamics of fluoride ion release are affected by many factors, e.g., concentration of fluoride ions in the preparation and additional active compounds which interact with fluoride [ 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”

Advances in orthodontic clear aligner materials

“…These ions are capable of initiating the remineralization and restoration process and inhibiting demineralization. In particular, fluoride ions can act as effective anticaries agents, and various dental materials have been modified to prolong the fluoride-releasing action of resins by adding fluoride salts and incorporating NPs of calcium fluoride, F-PRG, and S-PRG [ 147 ].…”