Relative ventricular weight of wild Atlantic salmon parr in relation to sex, gonad maturation and migratory activity

Armstrong, J. D.; West, Charles L.

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.1994.tb01225.x

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Although cardiac hypertrophy in males also has been demonstrated during sexual maturation in other fish species (4,42), this study on sockeye suggests that the profound cardiac hypertrophy observed in male rainbow trout during sexual maturation is not a general trait among all salmonid species. It is possible that differences in life history between sockeye and rainbow trout may explain these discrepancies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Sex-specific differences in cardiac control and hematology of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) approaching their spawning grounds

Sandblom

Clark

Hinch³

et al. 2009

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Sex-specific differences in cardiac control and hematology of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) approaching their spawning grounds

Sandblom

Clark

Hinch³

et al. 2009

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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“…Arndt (2000) recorded low growth of males relative to immature fish in the final stages of gonad maturation (September), suggesting that there is a switch from high to low growth as maturation proceeds. This latter low growth phase may relate to increased maintenance costs associated with the increase in the mass of highly metabolically active tissues, such as heart ventricle, that occurs prior to spawning (Armstrong & West 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth rates of wild stream‐dwelling Atlantic salmon correlate with activity and sex but not dominance

Martin‐Smith

Armstrong

2002

Journal of Animal Ecology

104

124

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Summary 1.It is generally assumed that high social status confers benefits such as increased resource acquisition and growth rate, higher survival and/or increased reproductive output relative to subordinate individuals. 2. The hypothesis that dominant juvenile Atlantic salmon would have higher growth rates than subordinates in a flow-regulated natural stream was tested. Over 2 years, seven groups of eight size-matched wild fish were tagged with passive integrated transponders (PIT tags) and assessed for dominance using a serial removal method. Fish were then introduced together into an enclosed stretch of stream and allowed to forage freely for 14 days. Their use of space was recorded by an array of eight in-stream detectors. Using in-stream video recording, a correlation between dominance measured prior to and during the trials was confirmed. 3. Contrary to our hypothesis, there were no significant correlations between dominance status and specific growth rate. 4. Mean growth rate varied significantly between trials. In females, growth declined from May through to August. Maturing male fish exhibited a prepubertal growth spurt during June and July when their rates of growth significantly exceeded those of females. 5. There were significant positive relationships between rates of movement and growth of both sexes. Each salmon generally used only a restricted portion of the stream but there were considerable overlaps between the home ranges of individuals. 6. Sampling over space and time on two occasions revealed complex variations in rankings of patches with respect to the abundance of drifting invertebrates of aquatic and terrestrial origin. 7. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that a high degree of unpredictability in food supply results in correlation between growth and movement but not the ability to dominate high-quality feeding patches exclusively. Variation in growth between and within sexes might result from trade-offs between the costs (e.g. increased predation risk) and benefits (increased food acquisition rate) of sampling movements. The marked prepubertal growth spurt in maturing males is consistent with a strong advantage of large size of male parr during spawning.

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“…Sexual dimorphism in heart weight in salmonids has been examined previously, with studies often reporting larger heart sizes in males or no sexual dimorphism at all; however, of these studies, few have done so in a statistically robust manner. For example, studies have either not taken into account variation in body size [66], or body size is considered through simple divisional indexes such as RHM [60,[67][68][69]. The use of ratios and divisional indexes has been widely criticized in the literature, as they are inadequate for removing size correlations from morphological data [70,71].…”

Section: Sexual Dimorphismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the effects of sex, life history and genetic background in Atlantic salmon: growth, heart and liver under common garden conditions

et al. 2020

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Livestock domestication has long been a part of agriculture, estimated to have first occurred approximately 10 000 years ago. Despite the plethora of traits studied, there is little understanding of the possible impacts domestication has had on internal organs, which are key determinants of survival. Moreover, the genetic basis of observed associated changes in artificial environments is still puzzling. Here we examine impacts of captivity on two organs in Atlantic salmon ( Salar salar ) that have been domesticated for approximately 50 years: heart and liver, in addition to growth. We studied multiple families of wild, domesticated, F 1 and F 2 hybrid, and backcrossed strains of S. salar in replicated common garden tanks during the freshwater and marine stages of development. Heart and liver weight were investigated, along with heart morphology metrics examined in just the wild, domesticated and F 1 hybrid strains (heart height and width). Growth was positively linked with the proportion of the domesticated strain, and recombination in F 2 hybrids (and the potential disruption of co-adapted gene complexes) did not influence growth. Despite the influence of domestication on growth, we found no evidence for domestication-driven divergence in heart or liver morphology. However, sexual dimorphism was detected in heart morphology, and after controlling for body size, females exhibited significantly larger heart weight and heart width when compared with males. Wild females also had an increased heart height when compared with wild males, and this was not observed in any other strain. Females sampled in saltwater showed significantly larger heart height with rounder hearts, than saltwater males. Collectively, these results demonstrate an additive basis of growth and, despite a strong influence of domestication on growth, no clear evidence of changes in heart or liver morphology associated with domestication was identified.

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Relative ventricular weight of wild Atlantic salmon parr in relation to sex, gonad maturation and migratory activity

Cited by 14 publications

References 18 publications

Sex-specific differences in cardiac control and hematology of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) approaching their spawning grounds

Sex-specific differences in cardiac control and hematology of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) approaching their spawning grounds

Growth rates of wild stream‐dwelling Atlantic salmon correlate with activity and sex but not dominance

Disentangling the effects of sex, life history and genetic background in Atlantic salmon: growth, heart and liver under common garden conditions

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