Relative hierarchy of farming practices affecting the fatty acid composition of permanent grasslands and of the derived bulk milk

Renna, Manuela; Ferlay, Anne; Lussiana, Carola; Bany, Didier; Graulet, Benoı̂t; Wyss, U.; Enri, Simone Ravetto; Battaglini, Luca Maria; Coppa, Mauro

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114561

Cited by 17 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Within the discrimination models for different thresholds of pasture proportions in cows' diets, the decrease in the sensitivity and specificity (accompanied by a slight increase in the specificity), observed when increasing from 0 to 50, and 57% of the pasture proportion threshold in the cows' diets, appear to agree with the findings of Coppa et al (2012). Using NIR on bulk milk for cow feeding authentication, the authors showed that in over 70% of pasture in cows' diets, the variability induced by pasture characteristics (phenological stage, botanical composition, foraging management, selection, and so on; Coppa et al, 2015b) may overcome those induced by the fresh herbage proportion (Renna et al, 2020). The herbage characteristics can generate "background noise" that does not allow us to further improve the classification performances within the pasture group (Coppa et al, 2012).…”

Section: Authentication Of Cow Feeding Restrictions In Pdo Specificatsupporting

confidence: 63%

Prediction of indicators of cow diet composition and authentication of feeding specifications of Protected Designation of Origin cheese using mid-infrared spectroscopy on milk

Coppa

Martin

Hulin³

et al. 2021

Journal of Dairy Science

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The ability of mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIR) to predict indicators (1) of diet composition in dairy herds and (2) for the authentication of the cow feeding restrictions included in the specification of 2 Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) cheeses (Cantal and Laguiole) was tested on 7,607 bulk milk spectra from 1,355 farms located in the Massif Central area of France. For each milk sample, the corresponding cow diet composition data were obtained through on-farm surveys. The cow diet compositions varied largely (i.e., from full grazing for extensive farming systems to corn silage-based diets, which are typical of more intensive farming systems). Partial least square regression and discriminant analysis were used to predict the proportion of different feedstuffs in the cows' diets and to authenticate the cow feeding restrictions for the PDO cheese specifications, respectively. The groups for the discriminant analysis were created by dividing the data set according to the threshold of a specific feedstuff. They were issued based on the specifications of the restriction of the PDO cheese. The pasture proportion in the cows' diets was predicted by MIR with an coefficient of determination in external validation (R 2 V) = 0.81 and a standard error of prediction of 11.7% dry matter. Pasture + hay, corn silage, conserved herbage, fermented forage, and total herbage proportion in the cows' diets were predicted with a R 2 V >0.61 and a standard error of prediction <14.8. The discrimination models for pasture presence, pasture ≥50%, and pasture ≥57% in the cows' diets achieved an accuracy and specificity ≥90%. A sensitivity and precision ≥85% were also observed for the pasture proportion discrimination models, but both of these indexes decreased at increasing thresholds from 0 to 50, and 57% pasture in the cows' diets. An accuracy ≥80% was also observed for pasture + hay ≥72%, herbage ≥50%, pasture + hay ≥25%, absence of fermented herbage, absence of corn silage, and corn silage ≤30% in the cows' diets, but for several models, either the sensitivity or precision was lower than the accuracy. Models built on the simultaneous respect of all the criteria of the feeding restrictions of PDO cheese specifications achieved an accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and precision >90%. Both the regression and discriminant MIR models for bulk milk can provide useful indicators of cow diet composition and PDO cheese specifications to producers and consumers (farmers, dairy plants).

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Section: Authentication Of Cow Feeding Restrictions In Pdo Specificatsupporting

confidence: 63%

Prediction of indicators of cow diet composition and authentication of feeding specifications of Protected Designation of Origin cheese using mid-infrared spectroscopy on milk

Coppa

Martin

Hulin³

et al. 2021

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…This results in milk richer in these FA, and particularly in n-3 FA (43). However, this effect is especially visible when comparing selection on highly biodiverse pastures with grasslands with very different proportions of grasses and forbs (18). In the present experiment, all cows grazed on the same biodiverse pasture.…”

Section: Differences Among Breeds In Milk Fa Profilementioning

confidence: 66%

“…These groups of FA were actually correlated to the herbage evolution over the season and, more specifically, to the proportion of dry material in the simulated bites, regardless of breed. The cause for that is the advanced herbage phenological stage in June compared to July measurement period, which is known to increase MUFA and decrease PUFA and CLA proportions of the milk fat (18,42). Only one particular FA, the major n-3 FA C18:3 n-3, was found to be always higher in Va milk fat compared to Ho milk fat, without any correlation to diet selection or period.…”

Section: Differences Among Breeds In Milk Fa Profilementioning

confidence: 95%

“…The lower fat and protein yields of Ho compared to Mo could be due to the lower adaptability of Ho breed to cover their high requirements without concentrate supplements, resulting in a negative energy balance, and lower fat and protein yield (24). Regarding FA composition of milk fat, several studies already investigated the link between the composition of diverse pastures and milk quality [e.g., (16,18,42)], but only a few allowed to link the selective behavior that ruminants exhibit on pasture with their milk composition (27,38). These authors illustrated how the ability of an animal to feed on forbs instead of grasses has an effect on the ruminal microbial population, with PSC partially inhibiting the biohydrogenation of dietary PUFA, entirely or at certain steps.…”

Section: Differences Among Breeds In Milk Fa Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some PSC are also active in inhibiting the final reduction step of the biohydrogenation of fatty acids (FA) in the rumen (13)(14)(15). Therefore, when cows are grazing on biodiverse mountain pastures, their milk is richer in monounsaturated FA (MUFA), polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) and, especially, in conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) and n-3 FA (16)(17)(18). Terpenes and FA in milk are of interest for the sensory properties of milk and other quality attributes of the processed cheese (19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Little Difference in Milk Fatty Acid and Terpene Composition Among Three Contrasting Dairy Breeds When Grazing a Biodiverse Mountain Pasture

Koczura¹,

Martin²,

Musci³

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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In the mountains, autochthonous and robust breeds are often used to valorize biodiverse grasslands. Along with their lower nutrient requirements, compared to specialized dairy breeds, they are expected to be better adapted to complex environments and valorize grasslands into dairy products of high quality. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the grazing selection of three contrasting dairy breeds on a biodiverse mountain pasture, and its consequences on milk fatty acid (FA) profile and prevalence of individual terpenes. A dual-purpose breed from the Italian Alps, the Valdostana Red Pied (Va), was compared to Montbéliardes (Mo), more specialized in milk production, and the highly specialized Holsteins (Ho). Diet selection was measured by scan-sampling, calculating selectivity indexes, and collecting simulated bites during two consecutive days in June (end of first grazing cycle) and July (second grazing cycle). Milk samples were collected at each milking during these experimental periods. Yield of milk and its fat and protein contents were measured. Milk FA and terpenes were analyzed by gas chromatographic methods. We tested the effects of breed, period and their interaction in a repeated mixed model, and calculated Pearson's correlations between behavioral data and milk FA as well as terpenes. The Va grazed less mature vegetation than Ho, but this difference was not sufficient to lead to a major breed effect on milk FA profile and prevalence of terpenes. However, the proportion of α-linolenic acid (C18:3 n-3) was always higher in the milk fat of Va than Ho (Mo were intermediary), but this without any correlation to grazing selection. This could be a consequence from a different metabolism concerning ruminal biohydrogenation, but must be further investigated. Finally, we confirmed previous studies that highlighted a link between milk quality and cows' grazing behavior, but here without differences among breeds. All cows adapted their behavior to the herbage evolution during the season, leading to higher proportions of unsaturated FA in July than June milks. Our study suggests that under mountain grazing conditions (biodiverse pasture and cows in late lactation), milk quality depends more on herbage composition than on cow breed.

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A quantitative review of on-farm feeding practices to enhance the quality of grassland-based ruminant dairy and meat products

Cabiddu

Peratoner²,

Valenti³

et al. 2022

Animal

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Relative hierarchy of farming practices affecting the fatty acid composition of permanent grasslands and of the derived bulk milk

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

Prediction of indicators of cow diet composition and authentication of feeding specifications of Protected Designation of Origin cheese using mid-infrared spectroscopy on milk

Prediction of indicators of cow diet composition and authentication of feeding specifications of Protected Designation of Origin cheese using mid-infrared spectroscopy on milk

Little Difference in Milk Fatty Acid and Terpene Composition Among Three Contrasting Dairy Breeds When Grazing a Biodiverse Mountain Pasture

A quantitative review of on-farm feeding practices to enhance the quality of grassland-based ruminant dairy and meat products

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