A quantitative review of on-farm feeding practices to enhance the quality of grassland-based ruminant dairy and meat products

Cabiddu, A.; Peratoner, G.; Valenti, Bernardo; Monteils, Valérie; Martin, Bruno; Coppa, Mauro

doi:10.1016/j.animal.2021.100375

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Some efforts to discriminate milk authenticity have been reported recently, especially through the analysis of the milk fat fraction, which is likely the most affected by the animal’s diet [ 7 ]. For instance, it has been shown that different diets influence the fatty acids profile of milk fat [ 8 ]. Additionally, fatty acid characterization can provide information related to both diet composition and the ruminal fermentation pattern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Authenticity of Hay Milk vs. Milk from Maize or Grass Silage by Lipid Analysis

Imperiale

Kaneppele

Morozova

et al. 2021

Foods

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Hay milk is a traditional dairy product recently launched on the market. It is protected as “traditional specialty guaranteed” (TSG) and subjected to strict regulations. One of the most important restrictions is that the cow’s feed ration must be free from silage. There is the need for analytical methods that can discriminate milk obtained from a feeding regime including silage. This study proposes two analytical approaches to assess the authenticity of hay milk. Hay milk and milk from cows fed either with maize or grass silage were analyzed by targeted GC-MS for cyclopropane fatty acid (dihydrosterculic acid, DHSA) detection, since this fatty acid is strictly related to the bacterial strains found in silage, and by HPLC-HRMS. The presence of DHSA was correlated to the presence of maize silage in the feed, whereas it was ambiguous with grass silage. HPLC-HRMS analysis resulted in the identification of 14 triacylglycerol biomarkers in milk. With the use of these biomarkers and multivariate statistical analysis, we were able to predict the use of maize and grass silage in the cow’s diet with 100% recognition. Our findings suggest that the use of analytical approaches based on HRMS is a viable authentication method for hay milk.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Authenticity of Hay Milk vs. Milk from Maize or Grass Silage by Lipid Analysis

Imperiale

Kaneppele

Morozova

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…In particular, these FA are synthesized and used by rumen bacteria to regulate the optimal fluidity of the microbial cell membrane [37]. Since the growth and activity of ruminal microorganisms are affected by diet characteristics, the concentration and the relative abundance of BCFA and OCFA in milk are affected by the diet [38]. Therefore, BCFA and OCFA concentrations in milk could be used as investigative tools to predict shifts in microbial population, principally related to the variation of diet composition [39,40].…”

Section: Multivariate Factor Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of the Fatty Acid Profile of Milk in Different Sheep Breeds: Evaluation by Multivariate Factorial Analysis

Conte

Palombo

Serra

et al. 2022

Animals

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A multivariate analysis was used to investigate the fatty acid (FA) profile in three different Italian sheep breeds: Comisana, Massese, and Sarda. A sample of 852 animals was considered: 118 Massese, 303 Comisana, 431 Sarda. Sarda sheep were divided into two groups, based on their breeding origin (298 and 133 reared in Sardinia and Tuscany, respectively). Sarda sheep, bred both in Sardinia and in Tuscany, were considered in different groups, both because in these two regions most of the sheep of this breed are reared, and because they differ in geographical characteristics and in the farming system. The individual milk FA composition of dairy ewes was analyzed with multivariate factor analysis. The extracted factors were representative of the following eight groups of fatty acids or functions: factor 1 (odd branched fatty acids and long-chain fatty acids), factor 2 (sn3_position), factor 3 (alternative biohydrogenation), factor 4 (SCD_1), factor 5 (SCD_2), factor 6 (SCD_3), factor 7 (fat secretion) and factor 8 (omega-3). A factor analysis suggested the presence of different metabolic pathways for de novo short- and medium-chain fatty acids and Δ9-desaturase products. The ANOVA of factor scores highlighted the significant effects of the breed. The results of the present study showed that breed is an important factor in defining the fatty acid profile of milk, combined with the effect of the diet. Breeds reared in the same farming system (Comisana, Massese and Sarda reared in Tuscany) showed significant differences for all the factors extracted. At the same time, we found differences between the Sarda sheep reared in Sardinia and Tuscany, two different regions of Italy.

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“…Previous papers have demonstrated that in Sardinia, sheep diets based on forage crops and natural pasture with moderate supplementation can increase milk polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content and, consequently, the dairy products’ healthiness [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. This is strongly impacted by the plants’ phenological stage and season, since herbage fatty acids (FA), the precursors of milk PUFAs, are high in the leaves of plants during the growing stage in the wet season [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is strongly impacted by the plants’ phenological stage and season, since herbage fatty acids (FA), the precursors of milk PUFAs, are high in the leaves of plants during the growing stage in the wet season [ 14 ]. Different feeding strategies that improve sheep milk quality have been tested under controlled conditions and reviewed recently; these considered zero grazing vs. full grazing crops vs. different fat supplementation [ 10 , 12 , 13 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent papers underlined, at the experimental level, that several tools could be implemented to increase the authentication methods of dairy products, such as milk alkanes and fatty acid profile detection [ 17 , 18 ]. In the dairy sheep farming system, data on the influence of permanent pasture on milk quality traits are scanty, in particular regarding carotenoids, colour and phenol contents as reported in a recent review [ 13 ], at both controlled conditions and at farm level. To our knowledge, the effect of supplementation on milk components in sheep grazing permanent pasture are reported only partially, because the authors reported only the effect on the macro components and fatty acid profile [ 6 ], or the macro components, vitamins, and volatile organic compounds [ 1 ] and Valdivielso et al cited by [ 1 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dairy Sheep Grazing Management and Pasture Botanical Composition Affect Milk Macro and Micro Components: A Methodological Approach to Assess the Main Managerial Factors at Farm Level

Cabiddu

Carrillo

Contini

et al. 2022

Animals

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The fatty acid profile, vitamins A and E, cholesterol, antioxidant power colour and the phenols profile of Sarda sheep milk from 11 commercial sheep flocks managed under permanent grassland were investigated. In each farm, the structural and managerial data and milk samples were collected during four periods (sampling dates, SD): January, March, May, and July. Data from the milk composition (fat, protein, casein, lactose, and somatic cell count), 68 fatty acids, 7 phenols, 1 total gallocatechin equivalent, ferric reducing antioxidant power, vitamins A and E, cholesterol, degree of antioxidant protection, and the colour (b *, a * and L *) were analyzed by multivariate factorial analysis using a principal component analysis approach. A proc mixed model for repeated measurement to point out the studied factors affecting significant macro and micro milk composition was also used. Only the first five components were detailed in this paper, with approximately 70% of the explained variance detected. PC1 presented the highest positive loadings for milk lactose, de novo FA synthesis and the BH intermediate, whereas OBCFA had negative loadings values. The PC2, LCFA, UFA, MUFA, vitamins E, and DAP showed positive loadings values, while SFA had a negative value. The PC3 showed a high positive loading for total phenols and non-flavonoids. PC4 presented a high positive loading for the milk macro-composition and negative values for n-3 FAs. The PC5 is characterized by high positive loadings for the a * and L * colour parameters whereas negative loadings were detected for the milk flavonoids content. These preliminary results could help to establish future threshold values for the biomarkers in milk sourced from grazing dairy sheep in natural, permanent pasture-based diets.

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A quantitative review of on-farm feeding practices to enhance the quality of grassland-based ruminant dairy and meat products

Cited by 26 publications

References 53 publications

Authenticity of Hay Milk vs. Milk from Maize or Grass Silage by Lipid Analysis

Authenticity of Hay Milk vs. Milk from Maize or Grass Silage by Lipid Analysis

Study of the Fatty Acid Profile of Milk in Different Sheep Breeds: Evaluation by Multivariate Factorial Analysis

Dairy Sheep Grazing Management and Pasture Botanical Composition Affect Milk Macro and Micro Components: A Methodological Approach to Assess the Main Managerial Factors at Farm Level

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