Relative Deprivation and Adolescent Outcomes in Iceland: A Multilevel Test

Delinquent risks of parental abuse at the age of 11 years among at-risk youth

“…Particularly, parental Early Child Development and Care abuse during the child's adolescence tends to be more criminogenic than that during the child's younger age (Thornberry et al, 2001). The finding looks unsurprising in light of similar adverse impacts of other experiences, including conflict, disciplining, disruption, deprivation, instability, and detachment related to parents or families (Bernburg, Thorlindsson, & Sigfusdottir, 2009;Costello & Vowell, 1999;Mounts, 2007;Wang, Blomberg, & Li, 2005). That is, adverse experiences related to parents or families are likely to be generally criminogenic.…”

“…Regarding delinquency, the youth's female gender, age, education, immigrant status, living with family members, and parental education tend to exert negative effects (Giordano, Cernkovich, & Rudolph, 2002;Hagan & McCarthy, 1997;Nagasawa, Qian, & Wong, 2001;Petry, 2002;Wight, Botticello, & Aneshensel, 2006). In contrast, income and residency seem to be risk factors for the child's delinquency (Bernburg et al, 2009;Pogarsky & Piquero, 2003;Wright, Cullen, Agnew, & Brezina, 2001). Regarding parental abuse, the child's age, female gender, and education tend to show negative effects (Leung & Lee, 2011;Schreck & Fisher, 2004;Schwartz et al, 2009).…”

Gambling Debt: Iceland's Rise and Fall in the Global Economy

“…While the concept is used mostly to focus on emotional and health problems Bernburg, Thorlindsson, and Sigfusdottir 2009), scholars have argued that relative deprivation can create a fertile ground for revolt. Davies (1962) argues that public revolts often occur after a large-scale backlash, such as an economic crisis, that has put a prolonged period of rising prosperity to a sudden end.…”

The Relative Influence of Proximity to Fast Road Infrastructure, Accessibility, and Deprivation on Crime

“…Relative deprivation is more important than absolute poverty [2] and others suggest that the educational level of parents is key [1]. Differences in spatial distribution of crime have been found [3]; for instance, crime is typically higher in urban areas [4] and in neighborhoods with high population density [5].…”