Relationships of wildBrassicaspecies with chromosome number 2n= 18, based on comparison of the DNA sequence of the chloroplast intergenic region betweentrnL(UAA) andtrnF(GAA)

Abstract

Relationships of wild Brassica species with chromosome number 2n = 18, based on comparison of the DNA sequence of the chloroplast intergenic region between trnL (UAA) and trnF (GAA) Abstract: A specific chloroplast DNA sequence was compared in 34 populations representing 10 wild Brassica species (2n = 18). Species studied were Brassica bourgeaui (Webb) O. Kuntze, Brassica cretica Lam., Brassica hilarionis G.E. Post, Brassica incana Ten., Brassica insularis Moris, Brassica macrocarpa Guss., Brassica montana Pourret, Brassica oleracea L., Brassica rupestris Raf., and Brassica villosa Biv. The sequence was located between the trnL and trnF genes in the large, single-copy region of the chloroplast genome. Site-specific primers were used to amplify the region via the polymerase chain reaction technique. Products of the same size were amplified from all populations. Sequence differences in the DNA fragments were detected by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Ten different haplotypes defined by 20-base sequence differences were detected. Haplotype did not always reflect species classification. Haplotypes were shared by the species pairs B. rupestris -B. villosa, B. cretica -B. incana, and B. bourgeaui -B. oleracea. Populations carrying divergent haplotypes were discovered for B. cretica, B. montana, and B. insularis. Possible introgression of the B. macrocarpa cytoplasm into a B. insularis population was observed. DNA sequences for the 10 haplotypes were determined and subjected to phylogenetic analysis using maximum parsimony. In the phylogenetic tree, the B. rupestris -B. villosa haplotype formed a basal clade, the B. macrocarpa haplotype diverged next, while all other species fell into a third clade. Résumé: L'auteur a comparé une séquence d'ADN spécifique aux chloroplastes dans 34 populations représentant 10 espèces de Brassica sauvage (2n = 18). Les espèces étudiées sont les Brassica bourgeaui (Webb) O. Kuntze, Brassica cretica Lam., Brassica hilarionis G.E. Post, Brassica incana Ten., Brassica insularis Moris, Brassica macrocarpa Guss., Brassica montana Pourret, Brassica oleracea L., Brassica rupestris Raf., et Brassica villosa Biv. La séquence est localisée entre les gènes trnL et trnF, dans la grande région à simple copie du génome chloroplastique. Des amorces spécifiques aux sites ont été utilisées pour amplifier la région via la technique PCR. Des produits de même dimension ont été amplifiés à partir de toutes les populations. Les différences de séquences dans les fragments d'ADN ont été détectées par électrophorèse sur gel en dégradation progressive. L'auteur a obtenu 10 haplotypes différents définis à partir de différences sur des séquences de 20 bases. L'haplotype ne reflète pas toujours la classification spécifique. Des haplotypes sont partagés par les paires d'espèces suivantes : B. rupestris -B. villosa, B. cretica -B. incana, et B. bourgeaui -B. oleracea. On a découvert des populations portant des haplotypes divergents chez les B. cretica, B. montana et B. insularis. On a observé une introgression...

Cytoplasmic diversity of Brassica napus L., Brassica oleracea L. and Brassica rapa L. as determined by chloroplast microsatellite markers

“…The close relationship between B. taurica, B. bourgeaui and B. oleracea subsp. oleracea 7695 is in agreement with results of Lannér et al (1997) and Lannér (1998). Brassica montana which is also found in cluster 5 has previously been considered to be an intermediate taxon between the Sicilian group and B. oleracea subsp.…”

“…In the present study, Brassica insularis grouped together with B. hilarionis and B. napus genotypes in cluster 2. Reports in the literature about the relationship of B. insularis to the Sicilian group are ambiguous (Lannér 1998;Lázaro and Aguinagalde 1998a,b). Most of the B. napus winter oilseed rape cultivars grouped together in cluster 4.…”

Genomic relationships between wild and cultivated Brassica oleracea L. with emphasis on the origination of cultivated crops

“…Evidence from the RAPD markers suggested that B. incana was excluded from the clade containing B. rupestris, B. insularis, B. macrocarpa and B. villosa (Lázaro and Aguinagalde 1998a). And the close relationship among B. rupestris, B. macrocarpa, B. villosa and B. insularis, and a more distant relationship with B. incana were also reported by Lannér (1998) and Geraci et al (2001). The issue on the relationship of B. incana may relate to its wide geographical distribution, since B. incana can be found in east Sicily and Italian peninsula (Snogerup et al 1990).…”

“…A few or even no cultivated accessions were included when it was mainly concentrated on wild species (Lannér et al 1997;Lannér 1998;Aguinagalde 1996, 1998a, b;Panda et al 2003), and vice versa (Dias 1995;Louarn et al 2007). Because these investigations mainly focused either on partial wild taxa or some cultivated forms, the genomic relationships between wild and cultivated B. oleracea were not well clarified, resulting in no practical benefits to exploring the utilization of wild populations.…”

Epicuticular Wax Columns in CultivatedBrassicaSpecies and in their Close Wild Relatives

“…(a) NC waxes are also present in B. bourgeaui and B. alboglabra. Although these taxa have been listed as species in Table 1, the opinion that both should be included within the intraspecific variability of B. oleracea is widespread (Bothmer, Gustafsson and Snogerup, 1995 ;Lanne! r, 1998 F.…”