Relationships of the Microbial Communities with Rumen Epithelium Development of Nellore Cattle Finished in Feedlot Differing in Phenotypic Residual Feed Intake

Silvestre, Antonio M.; Pinto, A. C. J.; Schleifer, Werner F.; Miranda, Lidiane S; Silva, Leandro A. F.; Casali, Daniel M.; Souza, Katia Lirian R; Gasparini, Vanessa Gomes L; Cruz, G. D.; Suen, Garret; Millen, D. D.

doi:10.3390/ani12070820

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The genus Eubacteria, belonging to the phylum Firmicutes, includes a myriad of diverse species that have potential as therapeutic microbes. Although it is a commonly documented in the human gut microbiome, most of the knowledge about this genus originates from ruminant microbiome studies [63][64][65].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Listeria monocytogenesinfection in pregnant macaques alters the maternal gut microbiome

Hugon

Golos

2023

Preprint

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Objectives The bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Infection occurs through consumption of contaminated food that is disseminated to the maternal-fetal interface. The influence on the gastrointestinal microbiome during Lm infection remains unexplored in pregnancy. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of listeriosis on the gut microbiota of pregnant macaques. Methods A nonhuman primate model of listeriosis in pregnancy has been previously described [1, 2]. Both pregnant and nonpregnant cynomolgus macaques were inoculated with L. monocytogenes and bacteremia and fecal shedding were monitored for 14 days. Nonpregnant animal tissues were collected at necropsy to determine bacterial burden, and fecal samples from both pregnant and nonpregnant animals were evaluated by 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing. Results Unlike pregnant macaques, nonpregnant macaques did not exhibit bacteremia, fecal shedding, or tissue colonization by Lm. Dispersion of Lm during pregnancy was associated with a significant decrease in alpha-diversity of the host gut microbiome, compared to nonpregnant counterparts. The combined effects of pregnancy and listeriosis were associated with a significant loss in microbial richness, although there were increases in some genera and decreases in other. Conclusions Although pregnancy alone is not associated with gut microbiome disruption, we observed dysbiosis with listeriosis during pregnancy. The macaque model may provide an understanding of the roles that pregnancy and the gut microbiota play in the ability of Lm to establish intestinal infection and disseminate throughout the host, thereby contributing to adverse pregnancy outcomes and risk to the developing fetus.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Listeria monocytogenesinfection in pregnant macaques alters the maternal gut microbiome

Hugon

Golos

2023

Preprint

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“…The use of high-starch diets for cattle can lead to lesions and an inflammatory response in the cecum ( 65 ). Studies evaluating cecal morphometric parameters, cecal epithelial health, and the correlation of these parameters with animal performance are limited in the literature ( 44 , 70 ). It has been previously reported in the literature that diet and infusion of fatty acids affect mitotic index, crypt depth, and intestinal mucosal weight in rats ( 71 – 74 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feedlot performance, rumen and cecum morphometrics of Nellore cattle fed increasing levels of diet starch containing a blend of essential oils and amylase or monensin

Silva

Souza

Acedo³

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Feed additives used in finishing diets improve energy efficiency in ruminal fermentation, resulting in increased animal performance. However, there is no report evaluating the effect of BEO associated with exogenous α-amylase in response to increased starch content in feedlot diets. Our objective was to evaluate increasing levels of starch in the diet associated with a blend of essential oils plus amylase or sodium Monensin on performance, carcass characteristics, and ruminal and cecal morphometry of feedlot cattle. 210 Nellore bulls were used (initial body weight of 375 ± 13.25), where they were blocked and randomly allocated in 30 pens. The experiment was designed in completely randomized blocks in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement: three starch levels (25, 35, and 45%), and two additives: a blend of essential oils plus α-amylase (BEO, 90 and 560 mg/kg of DM, respectively) or sodium Monensin (MON, 26 mg/kg DM). The animals were fed once a day at 08:00 ad libitum and underwent an adaptation period of 14 days. The diets consisted of sugarcane bagasse, ground corn, soybean hulls, cottonseed, soybean meal, mineral-vitamin core, and additives. The animals fed BEO35 had higher dry matter intake (P = 0.02) and daily weight gain (P = 0.02). The MON treatment improved feed efficiency (P = 0.02). The treatments BEO35 and BEO45 increased hot carcass weight (P < 0.01). Animals fed BEO presented greater carcass yield (P = 0.01), carcass gain (P < 0.01), rib eye area gain (P = 0.01), and final rib eye area (P = 0.02) when compared to MON. The MON25 treatment improved carcass gain efficiency (P = 0.01), final marbling (P = 0.04), and final subcutaneous fat thickness (P < 0.01). The use of MON reduced the fecal starch% (P < 0.01). Cattle-fed BEO increased rumen absorptive surface area (P = 0.05) and % ASA papilla area (P < 0.01). The MON treatment reduced the cecum lesions score (P = 0.02). Therefore, the use of BEO with 35 and 45% starch increases carcass production with similar biological efficiency as MON; and animals consuming MON25 improve feed efficiency and reduce lesions in the rumen and cecum.

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“…The genus Eubacteria, belonging to the phylum Firmicutes, includes a myriad of diverse species that have potential as therapeutic microbes. Although it is commonly documented in the human gut microbiome, most of the knowledge about this genus originates from ruminant microbiome studies [64][65][66].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Listeria monocytogenes infection in pregnant macaques alters the maternal gut microbiome

Hugon,

Deblois,

Simmons

et al. 2023

Biology of Reproduction

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Objectives The bacterium Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Infection occurs through consumption of contaminated food that is disseminated to the maternal–fetal interface. The influence on the gastrointestinal microbiome during Lm infection remains unexplored in pregnancy. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of listeriosis on the gut microbiota of pregnant macaques. Methods A non-human primate model of listeriosis in pregnancy has been previously described. Both pregnant and non-pregnant cynomolgus macaques were inoculated with Lm and bacteremia and fecal shedding were monitored for 14 days. Non-pregnant animal tissues were collected at necropsy to determine bacterial burden, and fecal samples from both pregnant and non-pregnant animals were evaluated by 16S rRNA next-generation sequencing. Results Unlike pregnant macaques, non-pregnant macaques did not exhibit bacteremia, fecal shedding, or tissue colonization by Lm. Dispersion of Lm during pregnancy was associated with a significant decrease in alpha diversity of the host gut microbiome, compared to non-pregnant counterparts. The combined effects of pregnancy and listeriosis were associated with a significant loss in microbial richness, although there were increases in some genera and decreases in others. Conclusions Although pregnancy alone is not associated with gut microbiome disruption, we observed dysbiosis with listeriosis during pregnancy. The macaque model may provide an understanding of the roles that pregnancy and the gut microbiota play in the ability of Lm to establish intestinal infection and disseminate throughout the host, thereby contributing to adverse pregnancy outcomes and risk to the developing fetus.

show abstract

Relationships of the Microbial Communities with Rumen Epithelium Development of Nellore Cattle Finished in Feedlot Differing in Phenotypic Residual Feed Intake

Cited by 6 publications

References 58 publications

Listeria monocytogenesinfection in pregnant macaques alters the maternal gut microbiome

Listeria monocytogenesinfection in pregnant macaques alters the maternal gut microbiome

Feedlot performance, rumen and cecum morphometrics of Nellore cattle fed increasing levels of diet starch containing a blend of essential oils and amylase or monensin

Listeria monocytogenes infection in pregnant macaques alters the maternal gut microbiome

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