Relationships between training load, peak height velocity, muscle soreness and fatigue status in elite-level young soccer players: a competition season study

Nobari, Hadi; Eken, Özgür; Kamiş, Okan; Oliveira, Rafael; Prieto-González, Pablo; Aquino, Rodrigo

doi:10.1186/s12887-023-03869-7

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Before conducting the present research, the players were already familiar with the scale since they had been using the RPE for at least three years. To determine the athlete's total training load, the validity and reliability of this scale have been confirmed by previous research [7,33,34]. Responses to the question "How intense was your session?"…”

Section: Monitoring Internal Training Loadsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Association between 2D:4D ratios and sprinting, change of direction ability, aerobic fitness, and cumulative workloads in elite youth soccer players

Nobari

Eken

Prieto-González

et al. 2023

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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Background The aim of this study was two-fold: (i) to determine the correlation between 2D:4D, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), body fat percentage (BF%), maximum heart rate (HRmax), change of direction (COD), and accumulated acute and chronic workload variables; (ii) to verify if the length of the second digit divided by fourth digit (2D:4D) can explain fitness variables and accumulated training load. Methods Twenty elite young football players (age: 13.26 ± 0.19 years; height: 165.8 ± 11.67 cm; body mass: 50.70 ± 7.56 kg; VO2max, 48.22 ± 2.29 ml.kg− 1.min− 1) participated in the present study. Anthropometric and body composition variables (e.g., height, body mass, sitting height, age, BF%, body mass index, right and left finger 2D:4D ratios) were measured. The following fitness tests were also conducted: 30 − 15 Intermittent Fitness Test (VO2max and HRmax), COD (5-0-5 agility test), and speed (10-30msprint test. HRmax and the training load were also measured and monitored using the Rate of Perceived Exertion during the 26 weeks. Results There were associations between HRmax and VO2max, between 2D and 4D lengths and Left and Right hand ratios. Also, in AW with Right and Left 4D. The CW and de ACWR with the Right 4D. There were other associations between physical test variables and workload variables. Conclusions Under-14 soccer players with low right and left-hand 2D:4D ratios did not perform better in the selected fitness tests to assess VO2max, COD, or sprint ability. However, it cannot be ruled out that the absence of statistically significant results may be related to the small sample size and the maturational heterogeneity of the participants.

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Section: Monitoring Internal Training Loadsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Association between 2D:4D ratios and sprinting, change of direction ability, aerobic fitness, and cumulative workloads in elite youth soccer players

Nobari

Eken

Prieto-González

et al. 2023

BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil

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“…These data were used to obtain information and analyze the weekly workload parameters (accumulated acute workload [AW], accumulated chronic workload [CW], accumulated acute: chronic workload ratio [ACWLR], accumulated training monotony [TM], accumulated training strain [TS]) [ 35 , 36 ]. Thus, the following calculations were made: [ 37 – 39 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which training load indicators are greater correlated with maturation and wellness variables in elite U14 soccer players?

Nobari,

Eken,

Singh

et al. 2024

BMC Pediatr

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Background Monitoring of training load is done to improve physical performance and minimize the incidence of injuries. The study examined the correlation between accumulated training load parameters based on periods with maturity (i.e., maturity offset and peak height velocity -PHV- and wellness variables -e.g., stress and sleep quality-). The second aim was to analyze the multi-linear regression between the above indicators. Methods Twenty elite young U14 soccer players (M = 13.26 ± 0.52 years, 95% CI [13.02, 13.51]) were evaluated over 26 weeks (early, mid, and end-season) to obtain stress, sleep quality, and measures of workload in the season (accumulated acute workload [AW], accumulated chronic workload [CW], accumulated acute: chronic workload ratio [ACWLR], accumulated training monotony [TM], accumulated training strain [TS]). Results The analysis revealed a moderate, statistically significant negative correlation between sleep quality and training monotony (r = -0.461, p < 0.05). No significant correlations were observed between other variables (p > 0.05). In the multi-linear regression analysis, maturity, PHV, sleep, and stress collectively accounted for variances of 17% in AW, 17.1% in CW, 11% in ACWLR, 21.3% in TM, and 22.6% in TS. However, individual regression coefficients for these predictors were not statistically significant (p > 0.05), indicating limited predictive power. Conclusion The study highlights the impact of sleep quality on training monotony, underscoring the importance of managing training load to mitigate the risks of overtraining. The non-significant regression coefficients suggest the complexity of predicting training outcomes based on the assessed variables. These insights emphasize the need for a holistic approach in training load management and athlete wellness monitoring.

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“…The physical demands are characterized by a large number of high-intensity actions ( Di Salvo et al, 2007 ; Lago et al, 2010 ), which are interspaced with low and moderate-intensity actions over the game ( Stølen et al, 2005 ; Nobari et al, 2023 ). However, these demands are influenced by several factors such as the match’s intensity ( e.g ., sprint ability and change of direction) ( Lovell et al, 2018 ; Nobari et al, 2023 ); therefore, the performance of these capacities should be known to individualize the training process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validity and reliability of a repeated multi-changes of direction agility test in senior soccer players

Brahim,

García-Valverde,

Yasin

et al. 2024

PeerJ

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Background This study aimed to evaluate the validity, reliability, and sensitivity of repeated multi-changes of direction agility test (rMCOD) compared to a soccer-specific field test of repeated sprint ability (S-RSA) and repeated sprint ability test (RSA). Methods Thirty-five healthy male soccer players (age: 18.4 ± 1.3 years) from Tunisan national soccer league (elite and sub-elite) took part in this study. They performed the tests in a randomized order over five sessions interspaced by at least 72 h. The construct, predictive and discriminant validity, relative and absolute reliability, and sensitivity of the tests were analyzed. The total and best time of the test (the sum for all trials and the trial with the lowest duration on nine, six, and seven attempts for rMCOD, RSA, and S-RSA, respectively), fatigue index, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and lactate concentration were recorded. Results rMCOD correlated with both, S-RSA and RSA in total time (r = 0.85 and r = 0.52, respectively) and fatigue index (r = 0.74 and r = 0.83, respectively). Receiver operator characteristics were not able to discriminate between group levels (elite and sub-elite). When comparing training levels, only the fatigue index in S-RSA showed a difference between groups. Fatigue index, total time, and the best time in rMCOD showed excellent reliability, as well as the minimal change detectable (MCD = 0.89, MCD = 0.63, and MCD = 0.11, respectively) was higher than the standard error of the mean (SEM = 0.32, SEM = 0.23, and 0.04, respectively). Conclusion rMCOD showed large to very large predictive validity compared with the S-RSA and RSA, being a reliable test for the following parameters: the best time and total time to perform the test. Nevertheless, this study design cannot ensure whether or not this test is able to detect real changes in performance in response to training since it did not include a training intervention; besides, rMCOD could not distinguish between elite and sub-elite players, which is a limitation.

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Relationships between training load, peak height velocity, muscle soreness and fatigue status in elite-level young soccer players: a competition season study

Cited by 7 publications

References 45 publications

Association between 2D:4D ratios and sprinting, change of direction ability, aerobic fitness, and cumulative workloads in elite youth soccer players

Association between 2D:4D ratios and sprinting, change of direction ability, aerobic fitness, and cumulative workloads in elite youth soccer players

Which training load indicators are greater correlated with maturation and wellness variables in elite U14 soccer players?

Validity and reliability of a repeated multi-changes of direction agility test in senior soccer players

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