Relationship of thyroid dysfunction with cardiovascular diseases: updated review on heart failure progression

Abdel-Moneim, Adel; Gaber, Asmaa; Gouda, Sherouk; Osama, Aya; Othman, Sarah I.; Allam, Gamal

doi:10.1007/s42000-020-00208-8

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…The roles of thyroid hormones (THs) in cardiovascular (CV) disease, such as heart failure (HF) or acute myocardial infarction (MI), through several direct and indirect effects are well-known ( Jabbar et al, 2017 ; Abdel-Moneim et al, 2020 ). The two conditions share a number of underlying mechanisms and risk factors ( e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D, Thyroid Hormones and Cardiovascular Risk: Exploring the Components of This Novel Disease Triangle

et al. 2021

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The role of thyroid hormones (THs) in the cardiovascular (CV) system, through several direct and indirect effects is recognized. Even very small modification in TH levels (as those observed in subclinical hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, and low triiodothyronine syndrome) may adversely affect the CV system, whereas thyroid hormones benefit the CV system and improve the prognosis. There is also evidence of vitamin D effects on cardiometabolic disease (e.g., through modulation of endothelial and smooth muscle cell activity, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, nitric oxide, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response), as well as an association between vitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency and autoimmune thyroid diseases or cancer, and a relationship between vitamin D concentration and titers of antibodies and thyroid autoimmunity replacement. Interestingly, experimental data indicate a direct effect of vitamin D on Type 2 deiodinase expression causing subsequential peripheral conversion of T4 into T3. However, the functional links among THs, vitamin D and the cardiovascular system, and clinical effects of coexisting abnormalities in this new troublesome triad, have not yet been reviewed. The main aim of this review is to discuss pathophysiology of this relationship, proposing new mechanistic insights involving vitamin D in the modulation of cardiometabolic disease and thyroid profile.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin D, Thyroid Hormones and Cardiovascular Risk: Exploring the Components of This Novel Disease Triangle

et al. 2021

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“…Overt hypothyroidism (OH) and subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) are characterized by the coexistence of traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors, insulin resistance (IR), elevated inflammatory markers, altered hemodynamic and morphological parameters of endothelial function of the peripheral muscular and central elastic arteries as assessed via flow-mediated dilation% (FMD%) of the brachial artery, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and aortic stiffness index (ASI) as early atherosclerotic markers. These factors induce impaired cardiac function among the patients with hypothyroidism ( 1 , 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiopoietin-like proteins 3, 4 and 8 are linked to cardiovascular function in naïve sub-clinical and overt hypothyroid patients receiving levothyroxine therapy

Hini

Mahmoud

Saedii

et al. 2021

Endocrine Connections

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Objective Angiopoietin-like proteins (ANGPTL) 3, 4 and 8 are upcoming cardiovascular biomarkers. Experimental studies showed that thyroid hormones altered their levels. We assessed ANGPTL3, 4 and 8 as predictors of cardiovascular functions among naïve subclinical and naïve overt hypothyroidism (SCH and OH) and altered ANGPTL levels with levothyroxine replacement (LT4) and their association with improved cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular function. Design and methods The study was a prospective follow-up study that assessed ANGPTL3, 4 and 8 levels, vascular status (flow-mediated dilation% of brachial artery (FMD%), carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), aortic stiffness index (ASI)), left ventricle (LV) parameters (ejection fraction (EF), myocardial performance index (MPI), and LV mass), well-known cardiovascular risk factors and homeostatic model for the assessment of insulin resistance, at two time points, that is, among naïve SCH, naïve OH, and healthy subjects groups; and at 6 months after achieving the euthyroid state with LT4 by calculating their increased or decreased delta changes (∆↑ or ∆↓) in longitudinal arm among LT4-hypothyroid groups. Results Significantly elevated levels of ANGPTL3, 4 and 8 among hypothyroid groups than the healthy subjects were reduced with LT4. Multivariate analysis revealed ANGPTLs as independent predictors of cardiovascular functions and the contributors for ANGPTL level included ANGPTL3 and 4 for impaired FMD%, and ANGPTL8 for LV mass among naïve SCH; ANGPTL3 for EF% and ANGPTL8 for CIMT in naïve OH; ∆↓ANGPTL3 for ∆↓ASI meanwhile ∆↑freeT4 for ∆↓ANGPTL3, ∆↓fasting glucose, ∆↓triglyceride, and ∆↓thyroid peroxidase antibody for ∆↓ANGPTL4 among LT4-SCH. ∆↓ANGPTL4 for ∆↓MPI and ∆↓LV mass, meanwhile ∆↓TSH and ∆↓triglyceride for ∆↓ANGPTL3, ∆↑free T3 and ∆↓HOMA-IR for ∆↓ANGPTL4, and systolic blood pressure and waist circumference for ∆↓ANGPTL8 among LT4-OH. Conclusion Elevated ANGPTL3, 4 and 8 levels are differentially independent predictors of endothelial and cardiac function and are reduced with LT4 in SCH and OH.

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“…Мнения о том, является ли первичный гипотиреоз фактором риска развития сердечно-сосудистых явлений, до сих пор различны. Особенно много дискуссий вызывает значение субклинического гипотиреоза в качестве предиктора сердечно-сосудистой заболеваемости и смертности, что, вероятно, связано с тем, что такое влияние чаще всего оценивается по суррогатным маркерам, например, нарушению липидного обмена, эндотелиальной дисфункции, повышению жесткости сосудистой стенки и сердечной деятельности [2][3][4].…”

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“…Результаты некоторых наблюдательных исследований поддержали гипотезу, что гипотиреоз ускоряет течение атеросклероза коронарных артерий [4]. Однако, по данным ряда авторов, субклинический гипотиреоз связан с повышенным риском сердечной недостаточности, но не с риском ишемической болезни сердца или атеросклерозом периферическ их сосудов, и нормализация ТТГ (тиреотропного гормона) у пожилых лиц не оказывает значимых изменений на толщину интимы медиа и проявления атеросклероза сонных артерий [5].…”

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“…В течение последних десятилетий была продемонстрирована роль гипотиреоза в формировании дисфункции сосудистого эндотелия, в также связь между дефицитом тиреоидных гормонов и развитием АГ и дисфункции левого желудочка (ЛЖ) [3][4][5].…”

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Risk Factors Promoting Early Cardiovascular Structure Disorders in Patients with Primary Hypothyroidism

Nikolaeva

Пименов

Sufiyanov

2022

Arhivʺ vnutrennej mediciny

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Objective. To develop the pattern of early cardiovascular disorders in patients with primary hypothyroidism based on the analysis of relationship between patient’s thyroid status and some functional cardiovascular parameters depending on compensation status. Materials and methods. The examination of 163 women aged 62 [55;67] years with primary hypothyroidism was performed. The patients were divided into groups: 1 group included 54 patients aged 62.0 [57;68] years with subcompensated disease, 2 group consisted of 15 patients aged 59 [53;66] years with non-compensated disease and 3 group included 94 patients aged 63 [53;66] years with compensated hypothyroidism. Physical examination, transthoracic echocardiography, assessment of global left ventricle longitudinal strain by speckle tracking method, endothelial function and laboratory tests were performed to all patients. Regression analysis using thyroid stimulating hormone, free T4, age, duration of the disease, cause of hypothyroidism, menopause presence and natural thyroid stimulating hormone logarithm as predictors and some cardiovascular parameters of heart condition and lipid metabolism as dependent valuables was made. Results. Mathematic modeling demonstrated that the combination such factors as age, duration of disease and thyroid stimulating hormone level is the most important in left ventricle remodeling processes. However, the age only has significant influence on intima media thickness. Conclusion. Left ventricle remodeling, morphologic functional status of blood vessel wall and decrease of glomerular filtration rate are basically determined by such modified and non-modified factors as body mass index, age, duration of hypothyroidism and thyroid stimulating hormone level.

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Relationship of thyroid dysfunction with cardiovascular diseases: updated review on heart failure progression

Cited by 25 publications

References 90 publications

Vitamin D, Thyroid Hormones and Cardiovascular Risk: Exploring the Components of This Novel Disease Triangle

Vitamin D, Thyroid Hormones and Cardiovascular Risk: Exploring the Components of This Novel Disease Triangle

Angiopoietin-like proteins 3, 4 and 8 are linked to cardiovascular function in naïve sub-clinical and overt hypothyroid patients receiving levothyroxine therapy

Risk Factors Promoting Early Cardiovascular Structure Disorders in Patients with Primary Hypothyroidism

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