Relationship of the Aggregation of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Parasympathetic Modulation of Young People with Type 1 Diabetes

Abstract

Background and objectives: In healthy individuals, autonomic alterations are associated with the aggregation of cardiovascular risk factors. However, in individuals with type 1 diabetes, who are known to present autonomic alterations, mainly characterized by a reduction in parasympathetic modulation, these associations have not yet been investigated. We assess whether the aggregation of cardiovascular risk factors influences parasympathetic indices of heart rate variability in young people with type 1 diabetes. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study included 39 individuals with type 1 diabetes (22.54 ± 4.31), evaluated in relation to the risk factors: blood pressure, fat percentage, and resting heart rate. For heart rate variability analysis, heart rate was recorded beat-to-beat using a cardio frequency meter (PolarS810i) for 30 min with the volunteers in dorsal decubitus. The parasympathetic heart rate variability indices were calculated: rMSSD, pNN50, high frequency (HF) n.u (normalized units), SD1, 2LV, and 2ULV. Data collection was carried out in 2014 and analyzed in 2017. Results: Individuals with two aggregate risk factors present a reduction in the values of the indices that reflect parasympathetic autonomic modulation compared to individuals without the risk factors analyzed, regardless of sex and age. Conclusion: In young people with type 1 diabetes, the aggregation of cardiovascular risk factors is associated with parasympathetic autonomic impairment.

Bioelectronic medicine for restoring autonomic balance in autoimmune diseases

“…[9,10] Using the HRV measure of SPB, a clinical study in thyroiditis patients uncovered considerable sympathetic dominance before the therapy and a recovery of SPB after a 6-month thyroid hormone replacement therapy. [11] Similarly, considerable sympathetic dominance was observed in patients with psoriasis, [12] IBD, [13][14][15][16] type 1 diabetes, [17][18][19] RA, [20][21][22] and polymyalgia rheumatica. [23] Furthermore, the HRV measure of SPB was shown to correlate with severity of the autoimmune response and to be predictive of the AID progression, as seen in the IBD, [13,14] type 1 diabetes, [17][18][19] and RA.…”

“…[11] Similarly, considerable sympathetic dominance was observed in patients with psoriasis, [12] IBD, [13][14][15][16] type 1 diabetes, [17][18][19] RA, [20][21][22] and polymyalgia rheumatica. [23] Furthermore, the HRV measure of SPB was shown to correlate with severity of the autoimmune response and to be predictive of the AID progression, as seen in the IBD, [13,14] type 1 diabetes, [17][18][19] and RA. [20][21][22]…”

Heart rate dynamics in the prediction of coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction using artificial neural network and support vector machine

“…It illustrates the activity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in regulating cardiovascular activity (Shukla and Aggarwal, 2018b). The reduced HRV has been suggested to be correlated with autonomic dysfunction and has been identified as important in the early manifestation of risk factors (Franca et al, 2019;Trivedi et al, 2019). The HRV derived from the R-R interval time series has been suggested to reflect cardiac autonomic activity (Lin et al, 2015;Rupprecht et al, 2020).…”