Relationship of Diet, Abdominal Obesity, and Physical Activity to Plasma Lipoprotein Levels in Asian Indian Physicians Residing in the United States

Yagalla, Madhuri V.; Hoerr, Sharon L.; Song, Won O.; Enas, Enas; Garg, Abhimanyu

doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(96)00077-6

Cited by 56 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…These observations are contrary to some studies performed on Asian migrants. 10,15,44,60 Unlike the present study, most of these studies used direct measures of adiposity (computerised axial tomography or dual-energy X-ray assessment). Banerji et al 44 reported a significant positive correlation between visceral fat, measured by computerised axial tomography (r ¼ 0.46, P ¼ 0.04).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of association between central adiposity and lipaemia in UK Sikh men

et al. 2003

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OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the positive statistical associations between measures of total and regional adiposity and measures of glucose, insulin and triacylglycerol (TAG) metabolism reported in Caucasian men, are also observed in UK Sikhs. DESIGN: A matched cross-sectional study in which each volunteer provided a blood sample after a 12-h overnight fast and had anthropometric measurements taken. SUBJECTS: A total of 55 healthy Caucasian and 55 healthy UK Sikh men were recruited. The Caucasian and Sikh men were matched for age (48.7710.9 and 48.3710.0 y, respectively) and body mass index (BMI) (26.172.8 and 26.373.2 kg/m 2 , respectively). MEASUREMENTS: Anthropometric measurements were performed to assess total and regional fat depots. The concentrations of plasma total cholesterol, high-density cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density cholesterol (LDL-C) and small dense LDL (LDL3), TAG, glucose, fasting insulin (ins) and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) were analysed in fasted plasma. Surrogate measures of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and insulin sensitivity (RQUICKI) were calculated from insulin and glucose (HOMA-IR) and insulin, glucose and NEFA (RQUICKI) measurements. RESULTS: The Sikh men had significantly higher body fat, with the sum of the four skinfold measurements (Ssk) (P ¼ 0.0001) and subscapular skinfold value (P ¼ 0.009) higher compared with the Caucasian men. The Sikh volunteers also had characteristics of the metabolic syndrome: lower HDL-C (P ¼ 0.07), higher TAG (P ¼ 0.004), higher % LDL3 (P ¼ 0.0001) and insulin resistance (P ¼ 0.05 ). Both ethnic groups demonstrated positive correlations between insulin and waist circumference (Caucasian: r ¼ 0.661, P ¼ 0.0001; Sikh: r ¼ 0.477, P ¼ 0.0001). The Caucasian men also demonstrated significant positive correlations between central adiposity (r ¼ 0.275, P ¼ 0.04), other measures of adiposity (BMI and suprailiac skinfold) and plasma TAG, whereas the Sikh men showed no correlation for central adiposity (r ¼ 0.019, ns) and TAG with a trend to a negative relationship between other measures (Ssk and suprailiac) which reached near significance for subscapular skinfold and TAG (r ¼ À0.246, P ¼ 0.007). The expected positive association between insulin and TAG was observed in the Caucasian men (r ¼ 0.318, P ¼ 0.04) but not in the Sikh men (r ¼ 0.011, ns). CONCLUSIONS: In the Caucasian men, the expected positive association between plasma TAG and centralized body fat was observed. However, a lack of association between centralized, or any other measure of adiposity, and plasma TAG was observed in the matched Sikh men, although both ethnic groups showed the positive association between centralized body fat and insulin resistance, which was less strong for Sikhs. These findings in the Sikh men were not consistent with the hypothesis that there is a clear causal relationship between body fat and its distribution, insulin resistance, and lipid abnormalities associated with the metabolic syndrome, in this ethnic group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lack of association between central adiposity and lipaemia in UK Sikh men

et al. 2003

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“…Interestingly, according to the observations of Yagalla et al on the nutrient profile of Asian Indians settled in USA, there might be a threshold for the daily intake of carbohydrate intake, equalling 282 g (Yagalla et al, 1996). Increasing the carbohydrate intake beyond this limit resulted in high serum levels of triacylglycerol, particularly in those with insulin resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse profile of dietary nutrients, anthropometry and lipids in urban slum dwellers of northern India

et al. 2001

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Objectives: The intra-country rural to urban migrant populations undergo radical socio-economic and lifestyle changes in a developing country. Therefore, it is an interesting sample in which to study nutrition pattern, anthropometry and metabolic profile. The aim of this study was to assess nutrient profile and its association with the anthropometry, percentage body fat (%BF) and blood lipids in the urban slum dwellers in northern India. Design: A cross sectional epidemiological descriptive study. Settings: The study was conducted in urban slum colony of Gautam Nagar, situated in a southern area of New Delhi. Subjects: The data was recorded in 227 subjects (52 males and 175 females). Results: The diets averaged approximately 59 -60% of energy from carbohydrates, 12 -13% energy from protein, and 24 -27% energy from dietary total fat. Lower intake of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), a low ratio of n6=n-3 fatty acids, a high ratio of polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids, a high intake of erucic acid, and a low consumption of fibre and vitamin E intake were significant observations. Although their mean body mass index (BMI) was in a low range (20.5 AE 4.2), %BF was high in females (26.7 AE 8.6%; P ¼ 0.001), and a high prevalence of abdominal obesity was observed in both males (22%) and females (16%). Moreover, there was high prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia and, in particular, low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Those consuming a high-fat diet (>30%) also consumed high MUFA, n-3 fatty acids, saturated fat and dietary cholesterol. Carbohydrate intake as percentage energy was a significant predictor of the levels of triacylglycerol in males, while in females significant predictors for triacylglycerol include intake of carbohydrate as percentage energy, age, %BF and BMI. Conclusion: In this economically deprived population, now constituting approximately 30 -50% of the urban population of major cities in India, such adverse dietary, anthropometric and metabolic factors are predictors of early and accelerated atherosclerosis.

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“…Further, the sedentary lifestyle increases obesity risk. This is associated with high LDL cholesterol and higher in-turn prevalence of CAD (57).…”

Section: Social Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asian-Indians: a review of coronary artery disease in this understudied cohort in the United States

Ardeshna¹,

Bob‐Manuel²,

Nanda³

et al. 2018

Ann. Transl. Med.

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Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of cardiovascular death worldwide. Prevalence of CAD is highly variable among different races. Asian Indians have been noted to have the highest CAD rates and the conventional risk factors fail to explain this difference completely. Asian Indians constitute a fifth of the global population, and the higher rates of CAD in this population constitute a major health challenge.There have been studies in the early 2000s that investigate the risk factors in this population; however, very few studies have been done since then that explore the higher CAD rates in Asian Indians. This is a comprehensive and current review of the known risk factors for CAD in Asian Indians and strategies physicians should consider relieving this burden.

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Relationship of Diet, Abdominal Obesity, and Physical Activity to Plasma Lipoprotein Levels in Asian Indian Physicians Residing in the United States

Cited by 56 publications

References 17 publications

Lack of association between central adiposity and lipaemia in UK Sikh men

Lack of association between central adiposity and lipaemia in UK Sikh men

Adverse profile of dietary nutrients, anthropometry and lipids in urban slum dwellers of northern India

Asian-Indians: a review of coronary artery disease in this understudied cohort in the United States

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