2021
DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2020.1868411
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Relationship between urinary nitrate concentrations and cognitive function in older adults: findings from the NHANES survey

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Cited by 7 publications
(8 citation statements)
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“…Although this is a step in the right direction, it remains difficult to accurately estimate long-term habitual dietary NO 3 − intake for the reasons mentioned above. In addition, NO 3 − concentrations measured in biological fluids have been used in some analysis as indirect markers of NO 3 − intake [ 98 ]. Whether these objective markers of NO 3 − intake show stronger links with health outcomes compared with subjective, self-reported NO 3 − intake values, is the subject of ongoing research.…”
Section: Main Textmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Although this is a step in the right direction, it remains difficult to accurately estimate long-term habitual dietary NO 3 − intake for the reasons mentioned above. In addition, NO 3 − concentrations measured in biological fluids have been used in some analysis as indirect markers of NO 3 − intake [ 98 ]. Whether these objective markers of NO 3 − intake show stronger links with health outcomes compared with subjective, self-reported NO 3 − intake values, is the subject of ongoing research.…”
Section: Main Textmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Conversely, higher plasma NO 3 − concentrations in the Framingham Offspring Study [ 106 ] were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality, which may be explained by the rise in plasma NO 3 − concentrations in participants with impaired kidney function included in the analysis and highlights the potential risk of reverse causality in these investigations. The improvements in physical performance and cognition observed in some of the NO 3 − supplementation trials were also explored in two cross sectional studies [ 98 , 112 ]. Improved hand-grip strength and timed up and go tests (a test of functional mobility) were observed in middle-aged and older Australian participants with a higher NO 3 − intake [ 112 ] whereas NO 3 − concentrations measured in spot urine samples were not associated with improved cognition in 1015 older Americans participants enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [ 98 ].…”
Section: Main Textmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The authors reported that due to the small sample sizes and short duration of the studies they were unable to draw any conclusions and highlighted the need for larger, adequately powered studies. 171 A cross-sectional evaluation in 1015 older adults observed no association between urinary nitrate concentration and cognition, 172 however urinary nitrate is a poor biomarker of habitual dietary nitrate intake. 173 A further cross-sectional study in 989 older adults also reported no association between cognitive function and nitrate (urinary nitrate and nitrate intake assessed using a food frequency questionnaire).…”
Section: Nitrate and Dementiamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Whilst the observational nature of this research means that it is not possible to draw causal inferences, one advantage is that it facilitates much larger sample sizes compared with the existing RCTs which, as noted, are typically small [35]. For example, using cross-sectional data on over 1000 older adults (aged 60–80 years) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, our group explored associations between urinary nitrate concentrations (as a biomarker of nitrate intake) and cognitive function (assessed using the Word List Learning, Word List Recall, Animal Fluency and Digit Symbol Substitution tests) [36 ▪ ]. In the primary analyses, we observed no significant associations between urinary nitrate concentrations and cognitive function for any of the cognitive tests.…”
Section: Recent Investigations and The Current State Of The Evidencementioning
confidence: 99%