Relationship between self-efficacy, self-care behaviour and glycaemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Malaysian primary care setting

Abstract

BackgroundSelf-efficacy has been shown to be positively correlated with self-care behaviour and glycaemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, such evidence is lacking in the Malaysian primary care setting. The objectives of this study were to i) determine the levels of self-efficacy, self-care behaviour and glycaemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Malaysian primary care setting ii) determine the relationship between self-efficacy, self-care behaviour and glycaemic control iii) determine the factors associated with glycaemic control.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study involving patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from two public primary care clinics in Malaysia. Self-efficacy and self-care behaviour levels were measured using previously translated and validated DMSES and SDSCA questionnaires in Malay versions, respectively. Glycaemic control was measured using HbA1c.ResultsA total of 340 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited. The total mean (±SD) of self-efficacy and self-care behaviour scores were 7.33 (±2.25) and 3.76 (±1.87), respectively. A positive relationship was found between self-efficacy and self-care behaviour (r 0.538, P < 0.001). Higher self-efficacy score was shown to be correlated with lower HbA1c (r − 0.41, P < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that higher self-efficacy scores (b − 0.398; 95% CI: -0.024, − 0.014; P < 0.001), shorter duration of diabetes (b 0.177; 95% CI: 0.002, 0.007; P < 0.001) and smaller waist circumference (b 0.135; 95% CI: 0.006, 0.035; P = 0.006), were significantly associated with good glycaemic control.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that higher self-efficacy was correlated with improved self-care behaviour and better glycaemic control. Findings of this study suggest the importance of including routine use of self-efficacy measures in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in primary care.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12875-018-0725-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Factors associated with self‐management among Vietnamese adults with type 2 diabetes

“…Self‐efficacy had moderate association with self‐management (Tharek et al., 2018). The relationship between diabetes management self‐efficacy and DSM is significant, regardless of the patient's race or health literacy (Sarkar, Fisher, & Schillinger, 2006).…”

Effects of FamilyDoctor Concept and Doctor-Patient Interaction Satisfaction on Glycaemic Control among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Northeast Region of Peninsular Malaysia

“…There were several known significant factors associated with glycaemic control, as repetitively described in other studies. The factors include age, sex, race, duration of diabetes, educational level and employment status [12][13][14][15]28]. In this study, factors including age, sex, race and duration of diabetes were found significantly associated with glycaemic control, thus were controlled in the analysis.…”

“…There are several significant factors associated with glycaemic control which has been revealed by many studies such as age, sex, duration of diabetes and educational level [4,[12][13][14][15][16]. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is scarce local evidence that examines the relationship between FDC implementation and doctor-patient interaction satisfaction towards glycaemic control among T2DM.…”

Associação Entre O Letramento Funcional Em Saúde E O Autocuidado Com O Diabetes Mellitus

“…Neste estudo, o monitoramento da glicemia obteve precárias médias de adesão tanto no que se refere à sua prática como à frequência desejável. Este resultado é comparável ao de um estudo realizado na Malásia (18) .…”