Relationship Between Pain Intensity, Pain Catastrophizing, Self-efficacy in Patients With a Frozen Shoulder

Abstract

Background: The evaluation of pain catastrophizing and self-efficacy is useful for predicting pain and is also associated with shoulder pain. The purposes of our study were to examine the relationship between pain catastrophizing, self-efficacy, and pain intensity in patients with a frozen shoulder.Methods: Ninety-three patients who were diagnosed with frozen shoulder were included in this study. Pain intensity (Numerical Rating Scale: NRS), pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale: PCS), and self-efficacy (Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire: PSEQ) were measured at the first examination, and the relationship was examined using Bayesian estimation method. We developed a hypothesis model in which self-efficacy affects pain catastrophizing and pain catastrophizing affects pain intensity.Results: The path coefficients from the PSEQ score to the PCS score and from the PCS score to the NRS score were significant. The convergence of the hypothesized model was confirmed and validated (posterior prediction p-value 0.35). Conclusion: Our results suggest that self-efficacy affects pain catastrophizing, and pain catastrophizing affects pain intensity.

The Effectiveness of ACT and DBT-Based Interventions with and without Exercise on Pain Outcomes and Desire for Treatment in Substance-Dependent Patients with Chronic Pain

“…The coefficients of the entire questionnaire were deemed acceptable, exceeding 0.75 (37). Haghighat confirmed its construct validity through factor analysis and verified its reliability with an internal consistency of Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.80 (38). Navidzade also affirmed its reliability with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.92 (39).…”

The Interplay of Neuroticism and Self-Efficacy in Pain Catastrophizing: A Quantitative Analysis

“…The findings of our study underscore the significant predictive roles of neuroticism and self-efficacy on pain catastrophizing, illuminating the complex psychological landscape that influences pain perception and management. Pain catastrophizing, characterized by the magnification of pain's threat value and a sense of helplessness in dealing with pain, is known to amplify pain perception and contribute to greater disability (Hirata et al, 2021;Sánchez et al, 2011;Day et al, 2021). This phenomenon underscores the critical need to understand the factors that drive catastrophizing in order to develop effective interventions for pain management.…”

“…hronic pain conditions, such as those associated with musculoskeletal issues like frozen shoulder, knee osteoarthritis, and fibromyalgia, often involve complex interactions between psychological factors and pain experiences (Hirata et al, 2021;Mir Ahmadi et al, 2022).…”

“…One key area of interest in this domain is the prediction of pain catastrophizing, a maladaptive cognitive response to pain, by factors such as neuroticism and self-efficacy. Pain catastrophizing involves magnifying the threat value of pain and feeling helpless in dealing with it, leading to increased pain perception and disability (Day et al, 2021;Hirata et al, 2021;Sánchez et al, 2011).…”