Relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorders and diseases affecting primarily the basal ganglia

Maia, Alex S S Freire; Barbosa, Egberto Reis; Menezes, Paulo Rossi; Filho, Eurípedes Constantino Miguel

doi:10.1590/s0041-87811999000600008

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Secondly, OCD is frequently seen in patients with basal ganglia dysfunctions such as Tourette’s syndrome, Sydenham’s chorea and Huntington’s disease. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in several neurological disorders affecting the basal ganglia confirm its role in the pathophysiology of OCD [ 79 , 80 ]. Basal ganglia is an area where the serotonin and dopamine systems interact extensively and these two systems are important in the pathophysiology of the disease [ 81 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Mentalizing Abilities and Insight Related to the Severity of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

İnanç

Altıntaş

2018

Psychiatry Investig

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ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to investigate whether insight and mentalizing abilities are related to the severity of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in treatment resistant OCD. We look at the association between treatment resistance, insight, and mentalizing ability. MethodsThe study was conducted with 71 OCD patients; 30 of them met the criteria for treatment resistant OCD, whereas the other 41 (57.7%) were labeled as responder group. All patients were assessed with the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), Brown Assessment of Beliefs Scale (BABS), Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, Beck Depression Inventory, and Beck Anxiety Inventory.ResultsThe resistant group received higher depression and anxiety mean scores and had significantly longer illness duration. The RMET score was significantly higher for responders. The Y-BOCS insight score and the BABS score were significantly higher for the resistant group. BABS scores were negatively correlated with RMET total scores. RMET scores were found to be significant predictor of insight even when other potential factors were controlled for.ConclusionResults suggest that better mentalizing abilities may be a predictor of better treatment outcome in patients with OCD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Mentalizing Abilities and Insight Related to the Severity of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

İnanç

Altıntaş

2018

Psychiatry Investig

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“…The relationship between disorders of the basal ganglia and symptoms of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) has been previously established (1–5,7,16–21). Patzold and Brune (3) reported a case of a 42‐year‐old woman with HD who experienced obsessions successfully treated with sertraline.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stalking and Huntington’s Disease: A Neurobiological Link?

Soliman

Haque

Edwin³

2007

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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This case report describes a patient with Huntington's Disease (HD) who allegedly stalked her therapist. The patient developed recurrent thoughts about her therapist as well as amorous feelings towards her therapist. She engaged in stalking behavior including unwelcome gifts, multiple telephone calls to the therapist's office and home, and making threats towards the therapist. The patient continued to contact the therapist after the therapist filed a Personal Protection Order. The patient was successfully treated with risperidone and fluvoxamine. Through a focused review of the relevant literature, the authors explore the potential relationship between the patient's obsessional thoughts, amorous feelings towards her therapist, the basal ganglia dysfunction, and the stalking behavior. The authors posit a hypothesis of stalking as a novel early manifestation of HD in this patient. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of stalking occurring with potentially causal organic lesions.

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“…, 2010). The role of dopamine is not as clear, as cases of OCD have been reported in both hypodopaminergic and hyperdopaminergic pathologies [Parkinson’s and Huntington’s diseases (Cummings & Cunningham, 1992; Maia et al. , 1999; Alegret et al.…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alongside the development of imaging and animal models, a number of case reports have suggested that basal ganglia do indeed play a major role in OCD development. The first articles reported the late appearance of OCD in patients with known basal ganglia degenerative diseases, among which were Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases (Cummings & Cunningham, 1992;Maia et al, 1999;Alegret et al, 2001;Harbishettar et al, 2005). Most articles, however, have reported cases of OCD that began after focal lesions of basal ganglia.…”

Section: Fortuitous Clinical Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the serotonin level is thought to be decreased in human OCD, which would explain the effect of SSRIs (Aouizerate et al, 2005;Westenberg et al, 2007), and has been shown to be affected by physical manipulation of the OFC (Schilman et al, 2010). The role of dopamine is not as clear, as cases of OCD have been reported in both High-frequency stimulation of deep brain structures in obsessive-compulsive disorder 1123 hypodopaminergic and hyperdopaminergic pathologies [Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases (Cummings & Cunningham, 1992;Maia et al, 1999;Alegret et al, 2001;Harbishettar et al, 2005)]; in rats, injection of quinpirole, a D2 ⁄ D3 agonist, provokes compulsive action (Szechtman et al, 1998;Winter et al, 2008c;Mundt et al, 2009), and dopamine transporter knockout mice develop 'superstereotyped' behaviours (Berridge et al, 2005). There is therefore a strong and complex dysfunction in the basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop, in its associative and limbic parts.…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High‐frequency stimulation of deep brain structures in obsessive‐compulsive disorder: the search for a valid circuit

Haynes

Mallet

2010

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common, disabling, psychiatric disease combining intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviours (compulsions). Although most patients respond well to conventional pharmacological and/or psychological therapy, 25-30%, often with extremely severe symptoms, fail to improve after treatment. High-frequency stimulation of deep brain structures (basal ganglia included), a surgical technique developed for movement disorders and otherwise known as deep brain stimulation (DBS), has been proposed as an alternative to ablative surgery for these intractable cases. Here, we review the scientific data that explain why the use of this technique is currently being investigated in OCD, from the first hypotheses based on neuroimaging studies (anatomical and functional) to more recent animal models and clinical observations. The general outcome of each clinical trial is outlined in order to discuss its relation to pathophysiology; however, more specific clinical information (side-effects, latencies, and other behavioural modifications) is not given. Finally, a description of the models of OCD that stem from these data and how they might be affected by DBS is provided.

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Relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorders and diseases affecting primarily the basal ganglia

Cited by 21 publications

References 48 publications

Are Mentalizing Abilities and Insight Related to the Severity of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Are Mentalizing Abilities and Insight Related to the Severity of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Stalking and Huntington’s Disease: A Neurobiological Link?

High‐frequency stimulation of deep brain structures in obsessive‐compulsive disorder: the search for a valid circuit

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