Relationship between multiple drug resistance and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from medical and non-medical personnel in Yaounde, Cameroon

Abstract

IntroductionMonitoring the prevalence of nasal carriage of multiple drug resistance (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus (SA) strains in hospital personnel is essential. These strains when transmitted from hospital personnel to patients with already weakened immune states or in-built medical devices, may limit the latter's treatment options. This study aimed at assessing the potential exposure of patients to these MDR SA in a resource-limited hospital setting by assessing the prevalence and relationship between antimicrobial susceptibility and biofilm forming capacity of SA isolates from hospital personnel.MethodsA total of 59 bacteria isolates phenotypically identified as Staphylococcus aureus obtained from medical (39) and non-medical personnel (20) in Yaounde were used in the study. Multiple drug resistance defined as resistance to four or more of twelve locally used antibiotics were determined by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique whereas quantification of biofilm production was by the microtitre plate method.ResultsAmong the 59 SA isolates, the prevalence of MDR was 50.9%. Among medical personnel 48.7% had MDR as against 55.9% for non-medical personnel (p-value=0.648). The overall percentage of weak biofilm producers was 35.6%. Although the prevalence of weak biofilm formers was higher in isolates from non-medical personnel (40%) than medical personnel (33.3%) the difference was not statistically significant (p-value= 0.246). Slightly less than half (42.9%) of the weak biofilm producers were MDR.ConclusionConsidering the high rates of MDR and that slightly less than half of biofilm formers were MDR, these trends need to be monitored regularly among hospital personnel in Yaounde.

Molecular Detection of Biofilm-Producing <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> Isolates from National Orthopaedic Hospital Dala, Kano State, Nigeria

“…This may be a sign that their biofilm forming ability is simultaneously influencing the resistance pattern of the isolates or have been masked, since most of the isolates already harbour resistant genes to the antibiotics tested. This result is in line with the study of Eyoh [24] where they recorded highest prevalence of 35.6% from weak biofilm-formers in isolates of both medical and non-medical personnel.…”

“…Cameroun also stated that there was no significant difference in the percentage of MDR among biofilm producers and non-biofilm producers for both medical and non-medical personnel [24]. Although, Fitzpatrick [25] has found more MDR strains among biofilm producers than non-biofilm producers.…”

Relationship between Antibiotic Resistance, Biofilm Formation, and Biofilm-Specific Resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii

“…Over the past two decades, multiple studies have yielded conflicting results. For example, while Abidi et al studied 22 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates and concluded that biofilm production was significantly higher in MDR isolates (Abidi et al, 2013 ), Atashili et al failed to find a significant difference in biofilm formation among MDR and non-MDR Staphylococcus aureus (Atashili et al, 2014 ). For A. baumannii , while Gurung et al studied 60 isolates and found a positive relationship between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance (Gurung et al, 2013 ), Perez studied 116 isolates and detected an inverse one between meropenem resistance and biofilm production (Perez, 2015 ).…”

Quorum sensing-induced phenotypic switching as a regulatory nutritional stress response in a competitive two-species biofilm: An individual-based cellular automata model

“…Biofilms are associated with recurrent infections that are difficult to treat because of their recalcitrance to antibiotics. In vitro studies assessing growth dynamics and antibiotic tolerance of biofilms have typically been performed with single species (Sena et al 2006;Ito et al 2009;Abidi et al 2013;Duus et al 2013;Eyoh et al 2014;Vuotto et al 2014;Moghadam et al 2014;Qi et al 2016). However, bacteria coexist in nature, and under pathological conditions, to form communities that feature advanced synergistic and antagonistic interactions, influencing growth and metabolism of other species (Haruta et al 2009).…”