“…However, in pregnancies resulting from IVF, not excluding women with a history of recurrent miscarriage, %25% of singleton clinical pregnancies are lost in the first trimester, even after detection of a fetal heartbeat (5)(6)(7). We decided to exclude from our analysis any couples with recurrent miscarriage (defined as R3 pregnancy losses), to control for the confounding effect of the higher risk of pregnancy loss in these couples.…”