Relationship between insulin resistance and accumulation of coronary risk factors

Abstract

We examined correlations between the frequency of insulin resistance and the accumulation of coronary risk factors in residents of rural comities in Japanese, using simple criteria for determination of insulin resistance based on evaluation by the euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic glucose clamp (GC) method. The subjects were 376 men and 589 women living in two rural communities in Japan. We measured body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglyceride (TG), HDL cholesterol (HDL), and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-R). Correlations between HOMA-R and those parameters were examined. To assess the existence of insulin resistance in these subjects, we used a practical index based on the GC method. The subjects with value of HOMA-R >or= 1.73 have insulin resistance. In addition, the HOMA-R was divided into five quantiles based on the frequency distribution (0.60 or below, from 0.61 to 0.82, from 0.83 to 1.18, from 1.19 to 1.69, and 1.70 or higher), to examine the concentration of risk factors in each group. In total, 74 (19.6%) of the men and 119 (20.3%) of the women had insulin resistance (HOMA-R >or= 1.73). It was found that the higher the HOMA-R, the higher was the number of coronary risk factors, such as hypertension, obesity, hypertriglyceridaemia and hypo HDL cholesterolaemia. The number of coronary risk factors was particular high in subjects with HOMA-R >or= 1.70. HOMA-R in the case of no glucose loading is a useful and practical index for evaluation of insulin resistance and coronary risk factors in the epidemiological study.

A Promoter Polymorphism of Lamin A/C Gene is an Independent Genetic Predisposition to Arterial Stiffness in a Japanese General Population (The Tanno and Sobetsu Study)

“…The Tanno and Sobetsu study was started in 1977 with a population-based prospective cohort design. Detailed epidemiological findings have already been reported [15][16][17][18] . The subjects completed a standard questionnaire regarding their medical history and their smoking and drinking habits.…”

Matsuda–DeFronzo insulin sensitivity index is a better predictor than HOMA-IR of hypertension in Japanese: the Tanno–Sobetsu study

“…The value of HOMA-IR (that is, 1.73) was based on our previous studies showing that HOMA-IR 41.73 predicts IR defined by the M-value determined by euglycemic glucose clamp (M o167.3 mg m À2 per min) and that by insulin levels during 75-g OGTT. 35,36 As shown in Figure 3a, in subjects o60 years old, increase in OR of hypertension by IR was indicated in the first and third tertiles of BMI. However, such an effect of BMI …”

“…33 To this end, we performed both a cross-sectional analysis and a longitudinal analysis using the same Japanese cohort, Tanno-Sobetsu cohort. 12,[34][35][36][37] HOMA-IR 38 is easily calculated from fasting insulin and glucose levels and has thus been used in numerous clinical and epidemiological studies. However, this index basically represents IS of the liver and possibly underestimates IR of the skeletal muscle.…”

Past History of Obesity (Overweight by WHO Criteria) Is Associated With an Increased Risk of Nonfatal Acute Myocardial Infarction-A Case-Control Study in JPN-

“…1,2,6-8 A positive correlation between the frequency of insulin resistance and the accumulation of CAD risk factors has been observed in a Japanese community. 24 In addition, changes in body weight are significantly related to changes in other CAD risk factors, such as blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride and serum uric acid. 25 For this reason, obese individuals need to reduce their weight to improve their health.…”