Relationship between Indole-3-Acetic Acid Levels in Apple (<i>Malus pumila</i> Mill) Rootstocks Cultured <i>in Vitro</i> and Adventitious Root Formation in the Presence of Indole-3-Butyric Acid

Alvarez, Rafael Manuel de Jesus Mex; Nissen, Scott J.; Sutter, Ellen G.

doi:10.1104/pp.89.2.439

Cited by 74 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…The dual roles of auxin suggest changes in auxin concentration or sensitivity to auxin during root development. In cuttings of apple rootstocks, high concentrations of IAA were found in easy-to-root genotypes, andlow concentrations of IAA were found in difficult-to-root genotypes (Alvarez et al, 1989). Seasonal variations in the ease of root formation have shown similar correlations with IAA concentration in Cotinus coggygria, and a change f+,mi high to 1 low concentrations of IAA was found between the ti,me of cutting excision to root emergence (Blakesley et al, 1991b).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 50%

A Mutation Altering Auxin Homeostasis and Plant Morphology in Arabidopsis.

et al. 1995

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Many aspects of plant development are associated with changing concentrations of the phytohormone auxin. Severa1 stages of root formation exhibit extreme sensitivities to exogenous auxin and are correlated with shifts in endogenous auxin concentration. In an effort to elucidate mechanisms regulating development of adventitious roots, an ethyl methanesulfonate-mutagenized M2 population of Arabidopsis was screened for mutants altered in this process. A recessive nuclear mutant, rooty (rty), displayed extreme proliferation of roots, inhibition of shoot growth, and other alterations suggesting elevated responses to auxin or ethylene. Wild-type Arabidopsis seedlings grown on auxin-containing media phenocopied rty, whereas rty seedlings were partially rescued on cytokinin-containing media. Analysis by gas chromatography-selected ion monitoring-mass spectrometry showed endogenous indole-3-acetic acid concentrations to be two to 17 times higher in rty than in the wild type. Dose-response assays with exogenous indole-3-acetic acid indicated equal sensitivities to auxin in tissues of the wild type and rty. Combining rty with mutations conferring resistance to auxin (axrl-3) or ethylene (etr7-I) suggested that root proliferation and restricted shoot growth are auxin effects, whereas other phenotypic alterations are due to ethylene. Four mutant alleles fmm independently mutagenized populations were identified, and the locus was mapped using morphological and restriction fragment length polymorphism markers to 3.9 centimorgans dista1 to marker m605 on chromosome 2. The wild-type RTY gene product may serve a critical role in regulating auxin concentrations and thereby facilitating normal plant growth and development.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 50%

A Mutation Altering Auxin Homeostasis and Plant Morphology in Arabidopsis.

et al. 1995

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“…However, we cannot anticipate the possibility that IBA can be transformed into another compound at a similar rate in both rootstocks. According to Alvarez et al (1989), in the apple rootstock M 26, higher levels of endogenous free IAA were detected than in the rootstock M 9, and they speculated that this was because rootstock M 9 complexes a higher percentage of newly converted IAA than does M 26.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

L-arginine impact on cherry rootstock rooting and biochemical characteristics in tissue culture

Sarropoulou¹,

Dimassi-Theriou²,

Therios³

2014

Turk J Agric For

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In the present study, the effects of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) separately and simultaneously with L-arginine on the morphogenic and biochemical responses in the cherry rootstocks CAB-6P (Prunus cerasus L.) and Gisela 6 (Prunus cerasus × Prunus canescens) were investigated. In the CAB-6P rootstock, the best root number and root length results were obtained with 2 mg L -1 IBA plus 0.5 mg L -1 L-arginine and 1 mg L -1 IBA plus 1 mg L -1 L-arginine, respectively. The rooting percentage was highest (100%) with 2 mg L -1 IBA alone or combined with 1 mg L -1 L-arginine. In the Gisela 6 explants, 2 mg L -1 IBA without L-arginine significantly enhanced root number (9.27) and root fresh and dry weight, as well as rooting percentage (100%). Root length was longest (38 mm) in the combination of the lowest IBA (0.5 mg L -1 ) and highest L-arginine (2 mg L -1 ) concentrations. Thus, L-arginine promotes the positive effect of IBA on rooting with regard to both root number and root length in both cherry rootstocks. In the CAB-6P explants, L-arginine combined with IBA had an inhibitory effect on leaf chlorophyll content, whereas in the Gisela 6 rootstock it had absolutely no effect. In the CAB-6P rootstock, depleted levels of proline in roots were observed, showing the osmoregulation and osmotic adjustment mechanisms. The carbohydrate concentration in leaves was greatest with 0.5 mg L -1 IBA plus 0.5 mg L -1 L-arginine, and in roots with 2 mg L -1 IBA plus 0.5 mg L -1 L-arginine. In the Gisela 6 explants, IBA (1 and 2 mg L -1 ) applied both alone and along with L-arginine, as well as the combination of the lowest IBA (0.5 mg L -1 ) and the highest L-arginine (2 mg L -1 ) concentrations, considerably increased leaf carbohydrate concentration compared to the control. In roots, carbohydrate concentration was maximum with 2 mg L -1 IBA plus 0.5 mg L -1 L-arginine. The elevated levels of proline in roots with 1 mg L -1 IBA plus 0.5 mg L -1 L-arginine indicate stressful conditions.

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“…Nevertheless, we cannot rule out the possibility that IBA can be transformed into another compound of similar rate in both rootstocks; however, there was a difference in the rate of complexing conjugation with amides or esters. Alvarez et al (1989) detected higher levels of endogenousfree IAA in apple rootstock M 26 than in M 9, surmising that the M 9 rootstock may be complexing a higher percentage of newly converted IAA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%