Relationship between Immunity and Interferon Production in Macrophages

Abstract

The effect of antiserum on the interferon (IF) production in macrophages by Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has been studied. Completely neutralized NDV lost its IF-inducing ability, but under-neutralized NDV revealed an enhanced IFinducing capability. This enhancement of IF production by unneutralized NDV was also observed in antiserum-treated cells. Enhancement phenomena appeared to be based on immunological specificity. Under-neutralized NDV was also adsorbed more rapidly and at a higher rate to normal cells than unneutralized NDV. Unneutralized NDV also adsorbed more efficiently to antiserum-treated cells and to cells derived from immunized mice than to normal cells. The significance of these phenomena is discussed in relation to the induction mechanism of IF in macrophages.

Interferon Production by Macrophages from Adult and Newborn Rabbits Bearing Fibroma Virus-Induced Tumors

“…Such enhanced interferon production by immune macrophages has been reported by Glasgow (10) and Yamada et al (18). However, Glasgow (10) and Azuma et al (3) reported that increased ability of macrophages to produce interferon is specific for the immunizing virus, which is contrary to the results presented here. aPeritoneal macrophages harvested 10 to 14 days after tumor induction by subcutaneous inoculation of fibroma virus.…”

Participation of cytophilic antibody in enhancement of interferon production in macrophages by under-neutralized NDV

“…Therefore, a four-fold increase of relevant interferon titers should be considered significant in this virus-cell system. However, the relationship between cytophilic antibody and neutralizing antibody is to date not known, whereas in the previous report [AzuM~ et al (2)] immunological specificity of antibody action in enhancement of interferon produetion was determined. Recently, Um~ (16) and HHAMAOKA and KITAGAWA (8) showed that macrophages interacted firmly with antigen eomplexing with antibody which was prepared by immunization of animals without Freund's complete ~djuvant and which was 19S and 7S y-globulin, and that the antibody did not operate as cytophilic antibody in the interaction of antigen-antibody complexes with macrophages.…”

“…AZUMA et al (2) demonstrated that under-neutralized NDV adsorbed on normal macrophages at a 50 % higher rate than did untreated NDV. By this under-neutralized NDV, a four-fold enhancement of interferon production, resulting from an increased multiplicity of virus, was observed (Table 1 and 4).…”

“…Previous experiments [AzuMA et al (2)] demonstrated that the production of interferon in macrophage cu]tures by Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was enhanced by under-neutralization of the virus with homologous antiserum, whereas interferon production was not increased when the virus was completely neutralized. Under-neutralized NDV adsorbed on normal macrophages at a higher rate than did untreated NDV.…”