Relationship between glycaemic control and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a low-resource setting

Abstract

Introduction diabetes mellitus can lead to complications including cardiovascular disease (CVD). Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) is a test of glycaemic control in T2DM patients, and its association with CVD can be mediated through modulation of risk factors such as dyslipidaemia. It is suggested that correlation of HbA1c with blood lipids may enable its use as a dual marker for glycaemic status and dyslipidaemia. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between glycaemic control and blood lipid concentrations in T2DM patients. Methods a cross-sectional study of T2DM patients at Enugu, Nigeria. After obtaining informed consent, questionnaires were administered, and then venous blood was collected for determination of HbA1c and fasting lipid profile. Student T-test was used to compare mean results of two groups and Pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine relationships. A p-value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results fifty -five (55) T2DM patients comprising of 24 females and 31 males, with mean±SD age 57±12 years were studied. Prevalence of patients with poor glycaemic control (HbA1c≥7%) was 34 (61.8%). More males (36.4%) than females (25.4%) had poor glycaemic control. There was a positive, statistically significant correlation between HbA1c and TC (r=0.406); Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) (r=0.409); and triglyceride (TG) (r=0.273), p<0.05. Correlation between HbA1c and HDL-C was negative (r=-0.269, p<0.05). Conclusion the significant correlation between HbA1c and various lipid parameters may suggest the importance of glycaemic control as well as managing dyslipidaemia in the reduction of risk for CVD in T2DM patients, for which HbA1c may be used to monitor both, thereby reducing cost.

Correlation of HbA1C and Lipid Profile Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients at M Yunus Hospital

“…This shows that all parts of lipids, namely total cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides will increase significantly in patients with diabetes mellitus so in patients with uncontrolled glycemic control total cholesterol and LDL levels will increase significantly while HDL levels will decrease. The same results were obtained from the study, where there was a moderate negative relationship between HbA1c and HDL levels in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (Nnakenyi et al, 2022). This study is in line with that conducted by Samdani et al (2017) who said that there is a negative correlation between HbA1c levels with HDL levels.…”

Adiponectin and HbA1c levels among Indian patients with diabetes mellitus

“…To determine the importance of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) as a dyslipidemia indication in Afghani individuals with Type 2 Diabetes, the inquiry correlates HbA1c with serum lipid profile. In addition to providing a trustworthy glycemic index, HbA1c may be utilized as an indirect predictor of dyslipidemia [22]. As a result, early detection of dyslipidemia in T2DM patients can help delay the onset of CVD.…”

The role of triglyceride-glucose index in the differential diagnosis of atherosclerotic stroke and cardiogenic stroke

“…This suggests that the blood vessels of diabetic rabbits are less responsive to hypoxia, thus prolonged hypoxia causes cell death, increased necrotic cores, and accelerated atherosclerosis progression [24]. Abnormal blood sugar often aggravates dyslipidemia, which is often secondary to insulin resistance or related factors [25]. In addition, triglyceride accumulation can influence the arteries via insulin resistance and promote the production of inflammatory factors to harden them [26].…”