Relationship between Genetic Variability and Land Use and Land Cover in Populations of Campomanesia adamantium (Myrtaceae)

Abstract

Campomanesia adamantium is an endemic plant of Cerrado biome that has potential for cultivation because its fruits have culinary and medicinal uses. However, genetic diversity studies using molecular markers with Cerrado species are scarce, and the inadequate extractive exploitation of fruits and the expansion of agricultural frontiers may also affect genetic variability. Therefore, studies in this field are of interest as they can provide sources for conservation and breeding programs. In this context, we investigated the genetic diversity of native populations of C. adamantium from different sites and the relationship between genetic variability and the land use and land cover of each site. A total of 207 plants were sampled in seven sites and characterized with seven polymorphic microsatellite markers. The use and coverage of land were mapped based on aerial images, and the land was classified into different categories. The genetic diversity was high in all populations, with low levels of differentiation due to allele sharing, mainly in Mato Grosso do Sul and Paraguay populations. The geographically closest populations were more genetically similar. The use and coverage of land indicated that intense agriculture promotes a significant decrease in genetic variability.

Development and characterization of microsatellite markers in Campomanesia adamantium, a native plant of the Cerrado ecoregions of South America

“…To evaluate the differences between the genetic diversity parameters of C. adamantium resulting from the use of transferable microsatellite markers and specific species, we selected 10 markers developed in this study (CAMP01, CAMP03, CAMP04, CAMP08, CAMP13, CAMP17, CAMP24, CAMP25, CAMP28, CAMP36) and compared them with the data of transferable markers (Embra1335, Embra1076, Embra1470, Embra1364, Embra1363, Embra1374, Embra1811) from the research by Crispim et al. () (Appendix ).…”

“…The microsatellite loci described in this study successfully cross-amplified in C. sessiliflora, suggesting that these markers could be used to support genetic conservation and breeding programs for C. adamantium and other species in the genus. Crispim et al (2018). *Fisher's exact test significant for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium proportions after Bonferroni correction (P < 0.003).…”

“…Forty-one primer pairs were designed and tested for amplification in C. adamantium in three populations (n = 45). In addition, for markers CAMP01, CAMP03, CAMP04, CAMP08, CAMP13, CAMP17, CAMP24, CAMP25, CAMP28, and CAMP36, the genotyping was performed with n ≥ 45, using additional individuals sampled from Crispim et al (2018). Cross-species amplification was tested using the 36 most polymorphic markers (Table 1).…”

“…Note: n = number of individuals sampled. a The markers CAMP01, CAMP03, CAMP04, CAMP08, CAMP13, CAMP17, CAMP24, CAMP25, CAMP28, and CAMP36 were also tested against additional individuals of C. adamantium from Crispim et al (2018). b All voucher specimens were deposited in the Herbarium of the Federal University of Grande Dourados (DDMS), Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.…”

“…Recent research has validated the transferability of microsatellite markers from closely related species of C. adamantium , including expressed sequence tag (EST)–derived simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from Eucalyptus L'Hér. (Myrtaceae) (Miranda et al., ; Crispim et al., ) and SSR primers from Eucalyptus spp., Eugenia uniflora L., and Melaleuca alternifolia Cheel (Fagundes et al., ). Analysis of genetic diversity using transferable molecular markers only reflects polymorphisms in conserved genomic regions among congeneric species or genera from the same family; however, transferable microsatellite markers from other species may be limited in the level of genetic diversity they can reveal in the target species (Queirós et al., ).…”