Relationship between educational status, gender and smoking in Finland, 1978–1992

Rahkonen, Ossi; Berg, Mari-Anna; Puska, Pekka

doi:10.1093/heapro/10.2.115

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…The data from the 1992 survey were validated elsewhere (Vartiainen E, Seppälä T, Korhnonen HJ, et al , submitted) 25. Self reporting and biochemical markers have shown a high degree of correspondence; thus, misclassification of smoking status due to self reporting is not likely to be great.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As previously reported, smoking is today more common among the less highly educated in both sexes 525 The educational discrepancy already begins to emerge at the upper stage comprehensive level (12-15 years) 26. In Finland, less highly educated women have smoked as much as more highly educated men since the late 1980s 25.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25 The educational discrepancy already begins to emerge at the upper stage comprehensive level (12-15 years) 26. In Finland, less highly educated women have smoked as much as more highly educated men since the late 1980s 25. Our results indicate that in the youngest birth cohorts, smoking initiation among less highly educated women clearly exceeds that of more highly educated men and approaches that of less highly educated men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of smoking by birth cohort in the adult population in eastern Finland 1972-97

Laaksonen¹,

Uutela²,

Vartiainen³

et al. 1999

Tobacco Control

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Objective-To analyse the dynamics of smoking prevalence, initiation, and cessation in relation to sex, age, birth cohort, study year, and educational level. Results-Among men the prevalence of smoking decreased over time, but the cohort eVect observed in smoking initiation was obscured by the changes in smoking cessation. DiVerences between the educational categories were small. Among women the prevalence of smoking increased during the study period. This was mainly caused by the less highly educated, in whom smoking initiation clearly increased in successive birth cohorts, but a more moderate cohort eVect was also present among the more highly educated women. Conclusions-In men decreased initiation and increased cessation contributed to the downward trend in smoking prevalence, whereas among women, changes in smoking were mostly caused by augmented initiation in successive birth cohorts. During the study period educational inequalities in smoking widened, as the less highly educated came increasingly to form the smoking population. (Tobacco Control 1999;8:161-168)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of smoking by birth cohort in the adult population in eastern Finland 1972-97

Laaksonen¹,

Uutela²,

Vartiainen³

et al. 1999

Tobacco Control

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“…We do not know whether this assumption holds. Several national studies have documented a widening of inequalities in smoking behaviour during the 1980s [36][37][38][39] and a similar widening may have occurred for other risk factors. We consider it unlikely, however, that this has seriously biased our results.…”

Section: Inequalities In Cvd Mortality 1147mentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular disease mortality. An international study

Mackenbach

Cavelaars²,

Kunst³

et al. 2000

European Heart Journal

317

203

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“…However, in addition to preventing smoking in general, reducing socioeconomic inequalities in smoking is another key target of antismoking policies. Previous studies have shown that socioeconomic differences in smoking are large and have widened, particularly among women (Cavelaars et al, 2000;Laaksonen et al, 2002;Peto, Lopez, Boreham, Thun, & Heath, 1994;Pierce, 1989;Pierce, Fiore, Novotny, Hatziandreu, & Davis, 1989;Rahkonen, Berg, & Puska, 1995). Given that smoking cessation is often more common in higher socioeconomic groups, the overall positive trend will widen rather than narrow the socioeconomic gap.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Smoking cessation by socioeconomic status and marital status: The contribution of smoking behavior and family background

Broms

Silventoinen

Lahelma

et al. 2004

Nicotine & Tobacco Research

150

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We studied socioeconomic status and marital status as predictors of smoking cessation, adjusting for previous smoking behavior and family background by using a large Finnish prospective twin dataset unselected for smoking behavior. The data were collected by postal surveys in 1981 and 1990, and the sample comprised 3,069 current smokers, of whom 20% had quit smoking by 1990. Logistic regression analyses of all twin individuals and conditional logistic regression analysis of discordant pairs were used to predict smoking cessation. High education predicted smoking cessation among both men (OR=2.32, 95% CI=1.31-4.10) and women (OR=3.98, 95% CI=1.85-8.51) as did high social class among women. Additionally, starting at a late age, smoking a small number of cigarettes per day, and a low level of nicotine per cigarette predicted cessation. Socioeconomic differences in cessation diminished only slightly when we adjusted for smoking behavior factors. Among the twin pairs who were discordant in terms of smoking cessation, the twin who continued smoking also smoked more on average at baseline (men: OR=.94, 95% CI=.89-.99; women: OR=.82, 95% CI=.71-.94). The male twins who continued smoking had a smaller probability of getting married during the follow-up than had the cotwin who had quit smoking (OR=3.91, 95% CI=1.02-15.02). Indicators of socioeconomic status were important predictors of smoking cessation even when we adjusted for previous smoking behavior. For men, marriage was associated with an increased probability of cessation

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Relationship between educational status, gender and smoking in Finland, 1978–1992

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Development of smoking by birth cohort in the adult population in eastern Finland 1972-97

Development of smoking by birth cohort in the adult population in eastern Finland 1972-97

Socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular disease mortality. An international study

Smoking cessation by socioeconomic status and marital status: The contribution of smoking behavior and family background

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