Relationship between dsDNA, chloroform labile C and ergosterol in soils of different organic matter contents and pH

Marstorp, Håkan; Guan, Xiao; Gong, Ping

doi:10.1016/s0038-0717(99)00210-2

Cited by 114 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…As also the 16S rRNA gene copy number per biomass unit was lower in the ammonium sulfate plots, it is likely that the microbial biomass was dominated by fungi in this treatment. This was shown earlier by Marstorp et al (2000), who found that fungal biomass estimated from ergosterol content per biomass C was higher in the ammonium sulfate plots compared with the other plots at the Ultuna site. In the other treatments, the density per biomass unit was relatively constant for all targeted genes, except for the AOA amoA in the sewage sludge treatment.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Relationship between N-cycling communities and ecosystem functioning in a 50-year-old fertilization experiment

et al. 2009

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The relative importance of size and composition of microbial communities in ecosystem functioning is poorly understood. Here, we investigated how community composition and size of selected functional guilds in the nitrogen cycle correlated with agroecosystem functioning, which was defined as microbial process rates, total crop yield and nitrogen content in the crop. Soil was sampled from a 50-year fertilizer trial and the treatments comprised unfertilized bare fallow, unfertilized with crop, and plots with crop fertilized with calcium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, solid cattle manure or sewage sludge. The size of the functional guilds and the total bacterial community were greatly affected by the fertilization regimes, especially by the sewage sludge and ammonium sulfate treatments. The community size results were combined with previously published data on the composition of the corresponding communities, potential ammonia oxidation, denitrification, basal and substrate-induced respiration rates, in addition to crop yield for an integrated analysis. It was found that differences in size, rather than composition, correlated with differences in process rates for the denitrifier and ammonia-oxidizing archaeal and total bacterial communities, whereas neither differences in size nor composition was correlated with differences in process rates for the ammonia-oxidizing bacterial community. In contrast, the composition of nitrate-reducing, denitrifying and total bacterial communities co-varied with primary production and both were strongly linked to soil properties.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Relationship between N-cycling communities and ecosystem functioning in a 50-year-old fertilization experiment

et al. 2009

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“…3B and 4C). The lack of large effects on the fungal PLFA/bacterial PLFA ratio caused by a change in the soil pH is consistent with earlier results obtained using, e.g., PLFA-based techniques (12,32) and total soil microbial biomass measurements combined with ergosterol to distinguish fungi (30,45). This does not support the established concept that fungi are more abundant in acid soils, such as forest soils (39).…”

Section: Vol 75 2009 Contrasting Ph Effects On Fungal and Bacterialsupporting

confidence: 81%

Contrasting Soil pH Effects on Fungal and Bacterial Growth Suggest Functional Redundancy in Carbon Mineralization

Rousk

Brookes

Bååth

2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

1,392

710

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The influence of pH on the relative importance of the two principal decomposer groups in soil, fungi and bacteria, was investigated along a continuous soil pH gradient at Hoosfield acid strip at Rothamsted Research in the United Kingdom. This experimental location provides a uniform pH gradient, ranging from pH 8.3 to 4.0, within 180 m in a silty loam soil on which barley has been continuously grown for more than 100 years. We estimated the importance of fungi and bacteria directly by measuring acetate incorporation into ergosterol to measure fungal growth and leucine and thymidine incorporation to measure bacterial growth. The growthbased measurements revealed a fivefold decrease in bacterial growth and a fivefold increase in fungal growth with lower pH. This resulted in an approximately 30-fold increase in fungal importance, as indicated by the fungal growth/bacterial growth ratio, from pH 8.3 to pH 4.5. In contrast, corresponding effects on biomass markers for fungi (ergosterol and phospholipid fatty acid [PLFA] 18:26,9) and bacteria (bacterial PLFAs) showed only a two-to threefold difference in fungal importance in the same pH interval. The shift in fungal and bacterial importance along the pH gradient decreased the total carbon mineralization, measured as basal respiration, by only about one-third, possibly suggesting functional redundancy. Below pH 4.5 there was universal inhibition of all microbial variables, probably derived from increased inhibitory effects due to release of free aluminum or decreasing plant productivity. To investigate decomposer group importance, growth measurements provided significantly increased sensitivity compared with biomass-based measurements.

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“…Roots were collected and scored for the absence/ presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization using an intersect-transect method for 100 intersections (34). The number of nematodes was assessed in a 100-g soil sample (35), and soil DNA was used as an indicator of soil microbial biomass because it corresponds well with other methods that reflect microbial biomass (36,37).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil biodiversity and soil community composition determine ecosystem multifunctionality

Wagg

Bender

Widmer

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

1,774

1,169

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Significance Biological diversity is the foundation for the maintenance of ecosystems. Consequently it is thought that anthropogenic activities that reduce the diversity in ecosystems threaten ecosystem performance. A large proportion of the biodiversity within terrestrial ecosystems is hidden below ground in soils, and the impact of altering its diversity and composition on the performance of ecosystems is still poorly understood. Using a novel experimental system to alter levels of soil biodiversity and community composition, we found that reductions in the abundance and presence of soil organisms results in the decline of multiple ecosystem functions, including plant diversity and nutrient cycling and retention. This suggests that below-ground biodiversity is a key resource for maintaining the functioning of ecosystems.

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Relationship between dsDNA, chloroform labile C and ergosterol in soils of different organic matter contents and pH

Cited by 114 publications

References 14 publications

Relationship between N-cycling communities and ecosystem functioning in a 50-year-old fertilization experiment

Relationship between N-cycling communities and ecosystem functioning in a 50-year-old fertilization experiment

Contrasting Soil pH Effects on Fungal and Bacterial Growth Suggest Functional Redundancy in Carbon Mineralization

Soil biodiversity and soil community composition determine ecosystem multifunctionality

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