Relationship between Dietary Energy Level, Silage Butyric Acid and Body Condition Score with Subclinical Ketosis Incidence in Dairy Cows

Samiei, Abdollah

doi:10.14737/journal.aavs/2015/3.6.354.361

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This was in agreement with Gillund et al (2001) and Bewley and Schutz (2008). Samiei et al (2015) observed a reduction of more than 0.5 units on BCS of animals during the first month of lactation and reported that BCS of animals on 3 rd , 14 th and 28 th day postpartum exhibited a strong correlation with body condition score at calving.…”

Section: Risk Factors Associated With Occurrence Of Scksupporting

confidence: 89%

Subclinical ketosis: Prevalence and risk factor analysis in early lactation dairy cattle of Thrissur district

Francis¹,

Ambily²,

Pillai³

et al. 2022

Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

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Present study was conducted in Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University farms, various organized and unorganised farms and individual households in Thrissur district during the period of May 2021 to April 2022 with the objectives of estimation of prevalence of subclinical ketosis (SCK) by screening dairy cows on 14th and 28th day post-partum. Multiparous cows with a blood beta-hydroxy butyrate (BHB) value ≥ 1.2 mmol/L without any overt clinical signs were considered as positive for SCK. One hundred and fourteen animals from second to seventh lactation were screened for SCK. Prevalence of SCK was 23.7 per cent on 14th day and 14.04 per cent on 28th day with a total prevalence of 27.2 per cent. Occurrence of SCK was highest in animals in second lactation (54.8 per cent) with more occurrence in crossbred Holstein Friesian cows. Maximum number of positive cases were observed in dairy cows of age between four to six years (54.8 per cent). Body condition score of diseased animals were higher than normal animals. Prevalence was highest in animals calved between months of July to September and 58.1 per cent of affected animals had male calf. Concurrent abnormalities during transition period were also assessed based on clinical examination and farm records.

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Section: Risk Factors Associated With Occurrence Of Scksupporting

confidence: 89%

Subclinical ketosis: Prevalence and risk factor analysis in early lactation dairy cattle of Thrissur district

Francis¹,

Ambily²,

Pillai³

et al. 2022

Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of nutritional supplements to induce ketosis and reduce symptoms associated with keto-induction: a narrative review

Harvey

Schofield

Williden

2018

PeerJ

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BackgroundAdaptation to a ketogenic diet (keto-induction) can cause unpleasant symptoms, and this can reduce tolerability of the diet. Several methods have been suggested as useful for encouraging entry into nutritional ketosis (NK) and reducing symptoms of keto-induction. This paper reviews the scientific literature on the effects of these methods on time-to-NK and on symptoms during the keto-induction phase.MethodsPubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Alt Health Watch, Food Science Source and EBSCO Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection electronic databases were searched online. Various purported ketogenic supplements were searched along with the terms “ketogenic diet”, “ketogenic”, “ketosis” and ketonaemia (/ ketonemia). Additionally, author names and reference lists were used for further search of the selected papers for related references.ResultsEvidence, from one mouse study, suggests that leucine doesn’t significantly increase beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB) but the addition of leucine to a ketogenic diet in humans, while increasing the protein-to-fat ratio of the diet, doesn’t reduce ketosis. Animal studies indicate that the short chain fatty acids acetic acid and butyric acid, increase ketone body concentrations. However, only one study has been performed in humans. This demonstrated that butyric acid is more ketogenic than either leucine or an 8-chain monoglyceride. Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) increase BOHB in a linear, dose-dependent manner, and promote both ketonaemia and ketogenesis. Exogenous ketones promote ketonaemia but may inhibit ketogenesis.ConclusionsThere is a clear ketogenic effect of supplemental MCTs; however, it is unclear whether they independently improve time to NK and reduce symptoms of keto-induction. There is limited research on the potential for other supplements to improve time to NK and reduce symptoms of keto-induction. Few studies have specifically evaluated symptoms and adverse effects of a ketogenic diet during the induction phase. Those that have typically were not designed to evaluate these variables as primary outcomes, and thus, more research is required to elucidate the role that supplementation might play in encouraging ketogenesis, improve time to NK, and reduce symptoms associated with keto-induction.

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“…Animal studies on the ketogenic potential of butyrate are mixed. For example, silage butyrate content has been shown to provide no significant effect on subclinical ketosis in dairy cows, 62 however, sub-clinical ketosis is higher in those receiving silage higher in butyrate content. 63 In a recent study in humans, the effect of L-leucine, octanoyl-monoacylglycerol (O-MAG), a monoglyceride consisting of an 8-carbon fatty acid, L-carnitine, and butyric acid on acetoacetate and BOHB were studied.…”

Section: Butyric Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #2 of "The use of nutritional supplements to induce ketosis and reduce symptoms associated with keto-induction: a narrative review (v0.3)"

2018

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Background. Adaptation to a ketogenic diet (keto-induction) can cause unpleasant symptoms, and this can reduce tolerability of the diet. Several methods have been suggested as useful for encouraging entry into nutritional ketosis (NK) and reducing symptoms of keto-induction. This paper reviews the scientific literature on the effects of these methods on time-to-NK and on symptoms during the keto-induction phase. Methods. PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Alt Health Watch, Food Science Source and EBSCO Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection electronic databases were searched online. Various purported ketogenic supplements were searched along with the terms "ketogenic diet", "ketogenic", "ketosis" and ketonaemia (/ ketonemia). Additionally, author names and reference lists were used for further search of the selected papers for related references. Results. Evidence, from one mouse study, suggests that leucine doesn't significantly increase betahydroxybutyrate (BOHB) but the addition of leucine to a ketogenic diet in humans, while increasing the protein-to-fat ratio of the diet, doesn't reduce ketosis. Animal studies indicate that the short chain fatty acids acetic acid and butyric acid, increase ketone body concentrations. However, only one study has been performed in humans. This demonstrated that butyric acid is more ketogenic than either leucine or an 8-chain monoglyceride. Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) increase BOHB in a linear, dose-dependent manner, and promote both ketonaemia and ketogenesis. Exogenous ketones promote ketonaemia but may inhibit ketogenesis. Conclusions. There is a clear ketogenic effect of supplemental MCTs, however, it is unclear whether they independently improve time to NK and reduce symptoms of keto-induction. There is limited research on the potential for other supplements to improve time to NK and reduce symptoms of keto-induction. Few studies have specifically evaluated symptoms and adverse effects of a ketogenic diet during the induction phase. Those that have typically were not designed to evaluate these variables as primary outcomes, and thus, more research is required to elucidate the role that supplementation might play in encouraging ketogenesis, improve time to NK, and reduce symptoms associated with keto-induction.

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Relationship between Dietary Energy Level, Silage Butyric Acid and Body Condition Score with Subclinical Ketosis Incidence in Dairy Cows

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Subclinical ketosis: Prevalence and risk factor analysis in early lactation dairy cattle of Thrissur district

Subclinical ketosis: Prevalence and risk factor analysis in early lactation dairy cattle of Thrissur district

The use of nutritional supplements to induce ketosis and reduce symptoms associated with keto-induction: a narrative review

Peer Review #2 of "The use of nutritional supplements to induce ketosis and reduce symptoms associated with keto-induction: a narrative review (v0.3)"

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