Relationship between cytokines and tumour markers in patients with chronic heart failure

Abstract

Aims: Serum levels of some cytokines and tumour markers are elevated in patients with chronic heart failure (HF). We aimed to investigate the relationship between circulating levels of cytokines and tumour markers in patients with HF. Methods: We included 35 HF patients and 33 normal controls. HF patients were divided into two groups: mild HF (NYHA class I/II) (n = 10) and severe HF (NYHA class III/IV) (n = 25). Serum cytokine levels (TNF-a, IL-1 h, IL-6, and IL-10) were measured by ELISA and tumour markers (CA 125, CA 19-9, CA 15-3, CEA and AFP) by chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay. Results: Serum levels of TNF-a, IL-6, and IL-10 as cytokines, and CA 125 and CA 19-9 as tumour markers were significantly higher in HF patients than in normal controls ( p < 0.0001 for all). Serum levels of TNF-a, IL-6 and IL-10 and CA 125 in the severe HF patients were significantly higher than in the mild HF patients ( p < 0.001 for all). Correlation analysis showed that CA 125 was positively related to TNF-a (r = 0.624, p < 0.001), IL-6 (r = 0.671, p < 0.001), and IL-10 (r = 0.545, p < 0.001) in HF. Conclusion: These findings show that CA 125 is markedly elevated in patients with HF, and correlates with serum TNF-a, IL-6 and IL-10 levels. Therefore, we speculate that among the tumour markers studied, only CA 125 is closely related to the cytokine system.

LPS-Induced Inhibition of Osteogenesis Is TNF-α Dependent in a Murine Tooth Extraction Model

“…(56,57) Moreover, patients who have metabolic diseases such as diabetes and chronic cardiac disease also show high TNF-a levels in the blood serum. (58)(59)(60) Although the TNF-a level itself in this animal study might not be able to extrapolate to the human subject, bone formation and osteogenesis would be decreased in such patients because of the continuously high TNF-a level. In the future, targeting of TNF-a inhibition might be a useful therapeutic strategy to accelerate bone formation/osteogenesis in such patients.…”

Prognostic value of CA125 in advanced heart failure patients

“…Recently, Kosar [16] demonstrated that high CA125 levels in HF patients were correlated with inflammatory cytokines levels, suggesting a relationship between CA125 and cytokines.…”

Prognostic value of increased carbohydrate antigen in patients with heart failure

“…It has also been suggested that mesothelial cells can secrete CA125 in response to activation of cytokines. Thus, the activation of either TNFalpha or interleukin-6 has been associated with elevated CA125, and the increase of these cytokines correlates with the severity of HF [7,18] . It has been suggested that increased CA125 can be a sign of both congestion and inflammation; both parameters have been associated with poor prognosis in HF patients.…”

“…It is a highmolecular-weight glycoprotein synthesized by epithelial cells of the serosa when there is inflammation and increased interstitial fluid; therefore, its level is elevated in the presence of pleural or pericardial effusion and ascites. Elevated CA125 has also been found in patients with HF, with or without fluid retention [16][17][18][19] . Although its release mechanisms are not yet well understood, they correlate with increased left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, higher BNP level, and worse New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class [20,21] .…”