Relationship between Blood Pressure Control Status and Lifestyle in Hypertensive Outpatients

Abstract

Objective Lifestyle modification as well as combination antihypertensive therapy is necessary to achieve strict blood pressure (BP) control as advocated by the guidelines for the treatment of hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of adherence to lifestyle modifications and BP control status in hypertensive outpatients. Methods and Patients Subjects are 661 hypertensive outpatients who had been followed at National Kyushu Medical Center. We assessed BP control status based on the average clinic BP on two occasions. In addition, we investigated the adherence to the individual items of lifestyle modification by a questionnaire. Results Average BP was 129 ± 10/71 ± 11 mmHg and overall rate of achieving goal BP was 60.1%. Achieving rate of each target BP category was 83.3% in the elderly patients (<140/90 mmHg), 56.7% in the young/middle patients (<130/85 mmHg) and 45.5% in the patients with diabetes mellitus/chronic kidney disease/myocardial infarction (<130/80 mmHg). Adherance to each item of lifestyle modification was as follows: Patients who answered to be conscious about salt restriction was 80.9%, those with increased intake of fruits/vegetables was 79.0%, reduced intake of cholesterol/saturated fatty acids was 67.9%, presence of obesity was 37.7%, daily exercise for !30 min was 31.9%, habitual alcohol intake was 38.0%, habitual smoking was 9.8%. Only 22.5% of the patients had no lifestyle items to be modified. On the other hand, 19.6% of patients had more than 3 items to be modified. Subjects with more than 3 lifestyle items to be modified are more frequently found in young, male, and obese groups. Conclusion We conclude that about 60% of the patients achieved goal BP by the intensive combination therapy. The lifestyle modification seems to be important especially for the young, male and obese patients.

Serum lipid Profile and Nutritional Status of the Hypertensive Outpatients in University College Hospital, Ibadan

“…This similar case of obesity among the hypertensive patients was reported by Adediran, et al in Abuja where obesity was found to be more prevalent among urban dwellers who were hypertensive than rural dwellers who could engage in physical activity with their farming work [11]. Yuko, et al also confirmed prevalence of obesity among hypertensive outpatients in Fukuoka, Japan [2].…”

“…Hypertension is one of the chronic noncommunicable diseases which pose public health challenge in developing countries especially among the black race where it is most prevalent [1]. It is the number one cardiovascular disease which affects approximately 1 billion people globally and it accounts for about 7.5 million deaths annually, which is about 12.8% of all total deaths [2]. It is confirmed when blood pressure is sustained at ≥140 /90mmHgafter two or more systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings [3], and dyslipidemia is one of its risk factors [4,5].…”

Current prescription status of antihypertensive drugs in Japanese patients with hypertension: Analysis by type of comorbidities

“…A 2010 analysis of combined treatment and control rates for hypertension indicated that only 15-30% of all hypertensive adults in Japan were controlling their BP at less than 140/ 90 mmHg (1). Failure to achieve target levels tends to be more common in young or middle-age patients and in patients with diabetes mellitus/CKD/myocardial infarction in whom a lower goal BP is advocated (5). In two large-scale clinical studies with strict targets to a systolic BP of less than 120 mmHg (6,7), the mean number of prescribed drugs was 3.4 and 2.8 per respective study, which was higher than the mean number of drugs prescribed in the current database study (1.9-2.4 across subgroups).…”

Prevalencia y factores asociados a la adherencia al tratamiento no farmacológico en pacientes con hipertensión y diabetes en servicios de baja complejidad

“…Respecto a los componentes de la adherencia no farmacológica, similares resultados se observaron en pacientes hipertensos de Japón [22], dado que 19,1% no eran conscientes de la importancia de la restricción de sal y 38% tenían consumo habitual de alcohol. Con respecto a este estudio, el consumo de cigarrillos fue inferior en nuestra población (5% vs 9%), así como la realización de actividad física (19,1% vs 31,9%).…”