Relationship between astigmatism and aging in middle-aged and elderly japanese

Abstract

The prevalence of astigmatism increases and the axis turns to against-the-rule with age. The result of the linear regression analysis indicates that the age-related change in astigmatism is mainly associated with changes in the cornea.

Astigmatism Prevalence and Biometric Analysis in Normal Population

“…Consequently, the rate of astigmatism is an average of 1.0 D (4)(5)(6)11,20), which complies well with our data. Regarding astigmatism prevalence, our data differ from (5), which is significantly higher than values detected in his further researches and in our study, however different measurement techniques were used.…”

“…Thus, ATR prevalence is higher than WTR in adults (11,20), though in case of higher rate of astigmatism there is WTR dominance (7). Our measurements confirm these normal age-related changes, though their reason is still not clearly known.…”

“…Regarding age-related changes, it is well known, that prevalence of astigmatism above 2.0 D is gradually increasing and that below 0.5 D is continuously decreasing with age (20).…”

Long-term refractive stability following combined astigmatic keratotomy and phakoemulsification

“…Our aim was to investigate whether the early refractive benefit of astigmatic keratotomy is maintained years later, as there is a greater prevalence of against-the-rule (ATR) astigmatism with increasing age [38][39][40][41]. This is particularly relevant because many cataract patients are elderly, often with significant comorbidity, and a stable long-term refraction reduces the need for repeated spectacle change or further surgery.…”

Influence of simple myopic against-the-rule and with-the-rule astigmatism on visual acuity in eyes with monofocal intraocular lenses

“…However, in these studies, surgical procedures varied between patients and the ATR and WTR groups were not age matched, resulting in inadequately controlled studies. Because ATR astigmatism generally increases with age [20][21][22], fair comparison of two patient groups is difficult if they are not age matched.…”