Relations between Concentrations of Asymmetric Dimethylarginine and Neopterin as Potential Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases in Haemodialysis-Treated Patients

Abstract

Objectives. To investigate the correlation between concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and neopterin (NP) as potential risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in chronic renal failure patients. Method. In this study, 33 patients with renal failure before and after haemodialysis were compared with healthy control subjects. Serum ADMA and NP levels were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results. When ADMA and NP concentrations in renal failure patients were compared before and after dialysis, before dialysis ADMA and NP concentrations were higher than those in the control group. However, ADMA and NP levels showed a falling mean and clear after dialysis. While there is no correlation between ADMA and NP levels before dialysis, there is a mean and positive correlation between ADMA and NP levels after dialysis. Conclusion. Potential risk factors for cardiovascular diseases include high concentrations of both ADMA and NP levels in chronic renal failure patients. A correlation mean between ADMA and NP levels after dialysis was found, but no correlation between ADMA and NP levels before haemodialysis was discovered. These can be evaluated as two different risk factors independent from each other.

Determination of oxidative stress and cellular inflammation in patients with diabetic nephropathy and non-diabetic nephropathy being administered hemodialysis treatment due to chronic renal failure

“…ADMA levels are thus elevated, and endothelial dysfunction may result. 6 Therefore, ADMA is used in determining endothelial damage caused by oxidative stress.…”

“…In particular, atherosclerotic vascular complications are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with different stages of CRF. 6 Because endothelial dysfunction is an initial step to atherosclerosis in patients with hypertension, diabetes, and CRF, the reduced production and/ or bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) may link these risk factors to the events of CVD. 10 The relationship among conventional risk factors, together with malnutrition and chronic inflammation appear to be a major source of oxidative stress, playing an important role in the pathogenesis of dependent-NO endothelial dysfunction.…”

“…2 ROS are believed to play a key role because of their reactive chemical property to directly oxidize and damage DNA, protein, lipid, and carbohydrate in the pathogenesis of late diabetic complications. 6 Also, 8-OHdG has been used as a marker in determining DNA damage caused by oxidative stress in recent years. 7 Malondialdehyde (MDA) is an end product of lipid peroxides, which can be reacted with DNA or proteins, and also it is mutagenic.…”

“…10 The relationship among conventional risk factors, together with malnutrition and chronic inflammation appear to be a major source of oxidative stress, playing an important role in the pathogenesis of dependent-NO endothelial dysfunction. 6 Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an endogenous competitive inhibitor of NO syntheses that can modulate NO production.…”

“…6 But, in studies done, there have not been too much data to emphasize on importance of neopterin in patients with DN.…”