Relations among media influence, body image, eating concerns, and sexual orientation in men: A preliminary investigation

Carper, Teresa L.; Negy, Charles; Tantleff-Dunn, Stacey

doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2010.07.002

Cited by 96 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…More recent research has replicated these findings (Jankowski, Diedrichs, & Halliwell, 2013;Marino-Carper, Negy, & Tantleff-Dunn, 2010;. Gay men also report higher levels of disordered eating, sociocultural appearance pressures and other related health outcomes (Jankowski et al, 2013;Marino-Carper et al, 2010;Smith et al, 2011). The central question then becomes why?…”

Section: ''Appearance Potent"? a Content Analysis Of Uk Gay And Straimentioning

confidence: 89%

“…For example, a meta-analysis of 20 studies comparing these two groups found that gay men reliably report greater levels of body dissatisfaction (Morrison, Morrison, & Sager, 2004;Smith, Hawkeswood, Bodell, & Joiner, 2011). More recent research has replicated these findings (Jankowski, Diedrichs, & Halliwell, 2013;Marino-Carper, Negy, & Tantleff-Dunn, 2010;. Gay men also report higher levels of disordered eating, sociocultural appearance pressures and other related health outcomes (Jankowski et al, 2013;Marino-Carper et al, 2010;Smith et al, 2011).…”

Section: ''Appearance Potent"? a Content Analysis Of Uk Gay And Straimentioning

confidence: 99%

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“Appearance potent”? A content analysis of UK gay and straight men's magazines

Jankowski

Fawkner

Slater³

et al. 2014

Body Image

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With little actual appraisal, a more 'appearance potent' (i.e., a reverence for appearance ideals) subculture has been used to explain gay men's greater body dissatisfaction in comparison to straight men's. This study sought to assess the respective appearance potency of each subculture by a content analysis of 32 issues of the most read gay (Attitude, Gay Times) and straight men's magazines (Men's Health, FHM) in the UK. Images of men and women were coded for their physical characteristics, objectification and nudity, as were the number of appearance adverts and articles. The gay men's magazines featured more images of men that were appearance ideal, nude and sexualized than the straight men's magazines. The converse was true for the images of women and appearance adverts. Although more research is needed to understand the effect of this content on the viewer, the findings are consistent with a more appearance potent gay male subculture.

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Section: ''Appearance Potent"? a Content Analysis Of Uk Gay And Straimentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: ''Appearance Potent"? a Content Analysis Of Uk Gay And Straimentioning

confidence: 99%

“Appearance potent”? A content analysis of UK gay and straight men's magazines

Jankowski

Fawkner

Slater³

et al. 2014

Body Image

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…These include sexual orientation (Marino Carper et al, 2010); relationship status (Giles & Close, 2008); athletic involvement (Steinfeldt et al, 2011); peer pressure an social comparisons (Karazsia & Crowther, 2009); self-objectification (Daniel & Bridges, 2010;Smolak & Murnen, 2008); and depressive symptoms (Grossbard, Atkins, Geisner & Larimer, 2013). In order to more fully understand the development of men's body image concerns, further research is now needed to examine the relative influence of these factors and how they may also mediate and/or moderate the relationships demonstrated in this study.…”

Section: Limitations and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Media internalization and conformity to traditional masculine norms in relation to body image concerns among men

et al. 2015

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Previous studies have separately examined conformity to masculine norms and internalization of body ideals in the media in relation to the drive for muscularity (DM). This study was designed to examine these factors together in relation to DM, and further examine how they may differ in relation to drive for thinness (DT) and drive for leanness (DL).Participants were 284 Australian males between ages 18 to 42. They completed validated measures that assessed DM, DT, DL, male gender role norms, and internalization of body ideals. The findings showed that internalization of body ideals mediated the relationship between masculine role norms and body image in the case of both DM and DL. However, masculine norms and internalization were independent predictors of DT. Our findings contribute to further understanding of the roles that the media and masculine norms have in shaping men's drive for muscularity, leanness, and thinness. Longitudinal research is needed to confirm the nature and direction of these relationships.

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“…Girls, regardless of their sexual orientation, tend to start receiving messages to be attractive well before their sexual identity is in place, which may or may not influence their body image as they mature (Kozee and Tylka 2006). Gay men also experience male gaze (Wood 2004) and often feel pressure to achieve the mesomorphic body ideal because they wish to attract men who also fit this ideal (Carper et al 2010;Wiseman and Moradi 2010). In this issue, two articles reveal that gender and sexual orientation are important for discerning the connection between body image and eating disorder symptomatology.…”

Section: Stream One: Gendered Body Constructionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Fiction, Fashion, and Function Finale: An Introduction and Conclusion to the Special Issue on Gendered Body Image, Part III

Tylka

Calogero

2011

Sex Roles

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Culture specifies standards for women's and men's body appearance and display. In Western cultures, these standards are both concentrated and ubiquitous in the media, represented as gendered body ideals for citizens to aspire toward. Because gendered body ideals are revered, individuals try to construct and portray their body consistently with these ideals. Furthermore, because gendered body ideals are narrowly defined and restrictive, individuals constrict their behavior, relationships, and perceptions of themselves and others to fall within the parameters of these ideals. The third and final issue of this series showcases innovative studies within two streams. The first stream investigates the many ways individuals invest effort into constructing and/or portraying their body to fit the gendered body ideal. The second stream addresses the diverse ways internalization of these ideals constrict individuals' relationships, freedoms, and perceptions of others' bodies and lifestyles. We discuss the empirical articles alongside points raised in films by Jhally (2009) and Clark (2009) that emphasize how media portrayals of gendered body ideals foster body-related constructions and constrictions in viewers. We emphasize intersectionality when presenting the articles, recognizing that gender combines with multiple identities (e.g., sexual orientation, race, political affiliation, and age) as well as individual difference variables to mold the degree to which individuals construct and constrict themselves and others to fit gendered body ideals. We end with a discussion of how these articles can be used to generate social change by deconstructing and delegitimizing gendered body ideals.

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Relations among media influence, body image, eating concerns, and sexual orientation in men: A preliminary investigation

Cited by 96 publications

References 73 publications

“Appearance potent”? A content analysis of UK gay and straight men's magazines

“Appearance potent”? A content analysis of UK gay and straight men's magazines

Media internalization and conformity to traditional masculine norms in relation to body image concerns among men

Fiction, Fashion, and Function Finale: An Introduction and Conclusion to the Special Issue on Gendered Body Image, Part III

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