Relation of Subcutaneous, Visceral, Periaortic, Epicardial Adipose Tissue With Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in Young People With Abdominal Obesity

Abstract

Objective: The main aim of study was to investigate the association between subcutaneous (SF), visceral (VF), periaortic (PF), epicardial (EF) fat and carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) in patients with abdominal obesity (AO) and whith metabolic syndrome (MS). Design and method: 127 patients 18–45 y.o. (average age 38,4 ± 6,0) with AO (men (M) – 58,3%) were enrolled in study. Height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, blood tests (fast glucose (FG) and glucose tolerance (GT), lipid profile) were measured. MS was defined as AO (cut-off of > 80 cm in women (W) and > 94 cm in M) plus > 1 sign: HDL < 1,30 (w)/1,04 (m)mmol/l; triglycerides > 1,7mmol/l; FG > 5,6mmol/l; violation GT; BP > 140/90mmHg. The averaged TIM was measured on both sides in a longitudinal section in the distal third of thein left and right carotid artery at a distance of 1 cm proximal to the bifurcation, calculated as the maximum value of the two average values obtained during two successive measurements and direct access two consecutive measurements lateral access. SF, VF, PF, EF (range: -150 to -30 HU) was measured by computed tomography. We calculated ratio subcutaneous to visceral fat (RSV). 24 hour blood pressure monitoring was performed. We formed 2 groups: AO (AO plus 1 or less sing of MS) and MS. Results: No statistically significant difference between the groups was found in the assessment of TIM.Tab. 1. Correlations CIMT with age r = 0,406 (p = 0,000), BMI r = 0,225 (p = 0,000), WC r = 0,031 (p = 0,000), TG r = 0,215 (p = 0,013), daytime SBPm r = 0,187 (p = 0,031), with volume of VF r = 0,326 (p = 0,000), EF r = 0,329 (p = 0,000), PF r = 0,440 (p = 0,000), LDL r = 0,182 (p = 0,037) were found. An inverse correlation was found with RSV r = -0,241 (p = 0,005) and with HDL r = -0,239 (p = 0,005). Conclusions: This study shows the role of PVT and other fat depots in the development of structural and functional disorders of the vascular wall in young people. The revealed correlations prove the existence of a close pathogenetic relationship between obesity, lipid metabolism disorders and the state of the vascular wall.