Relation of low cardiorespiratory fitness to the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged men

Kullo, Iftikhar J.; Hensrud, Donald D.; Allison, Thomas G.

doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(02)02617-6

Cited by 48 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These data support the view that in obese children, factors other than the degree of obesity determine the development of the metabolic comorbidities. The relationships we report between poor CV fitness and MS in the present study are sustained by observations reported in several papers[4,5,6,7,10,11,12], demonstrating that poor fitness in children like in adults is a distinct marker of the MS.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Cardiovascular Fitness, Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Syndrome in Severely Obese Prepubertal Italian Children

Baratto

Grossi

Fintini³

et al. 2008

Horm Res Paediatr

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Aim: To evaluate if insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic syndrome (MS) were associated with poor cardiovascular fitness in very obese prepubertal Italian subjects. Methods: Children referred to the Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit of Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital underwent an OGTT with glucose and insulin assays. QUICKI, ISI and HOMA-IR were calculated. Total and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and percentage of body fat (DEXA) were determined. Cardiovascular fitness (maximal treadmill time) was evaluated using a treadmill protocol. The MS was defined as having 3 or more of following risk factors: obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, high blood pressure, low HDL-cholesterol, high triglycerides. Results: Fifty-five very obese prepubertal Italian children were enrolled in the study. Unadjusted correlation revealed maximal treadmill time negatively related to fasting insulin (r = –0.53, p < 0.0001) and HOMA-IR (r = –0.57, p < 0.0001) and positively to QUICKI (r = 0.51, p < 0.0001) and ISI (r = 0.46, p = 0.0035). These relationships remained significant when in multivariate analysis age, gender, BMI SD and body composition were accounted for (all p < 0.01). The presence of the MS was independently associated with maximal treadmill time. Conclusion:Poorcardiovascular fitness, IR and MS were independently related, suggesting that the relationship between fitness and insulin action develops early in life.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Cross-sectional, longitudinal and interventional studies support the notion that low levels of CV fitness may play an important mediating role in IR and MS [4,5,6,7]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Cardiovascular Fitness, Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Syndrome in Severely Obese Prepubertal Italian Children

Baratto

Grossi

Fintini³

et al. 2008

Horm Res Paediatr

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show abstract

“…Similar to findings related to cardiorespiratory fitness and type 2 diabetes, a significant inverse association was observed for metabolic syndrome prevalence across quartiles of fitness among middle-aged male executives enrolled in a corporate health program [33]. In this study, the odds ratio estimate for metabolic syndrome was 5.7 among men in the lowest fitness quartile, compared with men in the highest quartile, even after adjusting for age and BMI.…”

Section: Fitness Attenuates Metabolic Risksupporting

confidence: 83%

Exercise, fitness, and cardiovascular disease risk in type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome

Duncan

2006

Curr Diab Rep

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This article highlights research supporting the concept that increased physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness attenuate risk of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and the metabolic syndrome. Increased activity and fitness also attenuate risk of developing cardiovascular disease in persons who have type 2 diabetes or the metabolic syndrome. Although controversial, relationships between physical activity/physical fitness and type 2 diabetes/metabolic syndrome are largely independent of body weight. Thus, physical inactivity and poor cardiorespiratory fitness are not only important determinants of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, but they can also be considered common features of these conditions, much like traditional risk factors such as obesity and insulin resistance.

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“…Thirteen of the published studies included a measure of physical activity only [18,22,27,28,31,33,34,[36][37][38][39]41,44], nine included physical fitness only [20,23,25,30,32,35,42,43,45], and six included both [19,21,24,26,29,40]. A relatively consistent inverse relationship was observed between levels of both physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness and MetS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first currently used clinical criteria of MetS were published in 1998 (WHO) and 2001 (NCEP), and the first studies to employ these criteria in the investigation of physical activity and MetS began to appear shortly after [24][25][26]. Irwin et al [24] reported that higher levels of moderate-and vigorous-intensity physical activity and greater maximal treadmill time were significantly inversely associated with the odds of NCEP-MetS in a sample of black, Native American, and white women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of physical activity and fitness in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome

Katzmarzyk

Herman²

2007

Curr Cardio Risk Rep

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The metabolic syndrome is a significant public health problem that is increasing in prevalence throughout the developed and the developing world. Lifestyle changes are recommended as the primary tool in the prevention and treatment of risk factor clustering. Physical activity should be considered a cornerstone of prevention and treatment efforts related to metabolic syndrome. Considerable evidence supports that physically inactive men and women are at increased risk for prevalent and incident metabolic syndrome. Mounting evidence, although limited, supports that physical activity is a useful option in treating metabolic syndrome and its associated health risks. Further research is required to develop effective physical activity programs for the treatment of individuals that exhibit risk factor clustering.

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Relation of low cardiorespiratory fitness to the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged men

Cited by 48 publications

References 15 publications

Cardiovascular Fitness, Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Syndrome in Severely Obese Prepubertal Italian Children

Cardiovascular Fitness, Insulin Resistance and Metabolic Syndrome in Severely Obese Prepubertal Italian Children

Exercise, fitness, and cardiovascular disease risk in type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome

The role of physical activity and fitness in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome

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