Relation of Corneal Arcus to Cardiovascular Disease (from the Framingham Heart Study Data Set)

Fernández, Antonio B.; Keyes, Michelle J.; Pencina, Michael J.; D’Agostino, Ralph B.; O’Donnell, Christopher J.; Thompson, Paul D.

doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.08.030

Cited by 32 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…In support of these findings, a recent prospective study with eight years follow-up reported similar results. 45 Thus, it seems that presence of arcus corneae reflects an adverse cardiovascular risk profile-probably in particular an adverse lipid profile.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible Age-Related Signs and Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease in the General Population

et al. 2014

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Background-Cardiovascular disease is 1 of the most common age-related diseases, and also 1 of the most common causes of death in the general population. We tested the hypothesis that visible age-related signs associate with risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD), myocardial infarction (MI), and death in the general population, independent of chronological age. Methods and Results-10,885 individuals aged 20 to 93 years free of IHD were followed from 1976 through 1978 until June 2011 with 100% complete follow-up. During these 35 years of follow-up, 3401 participants developed IHD and 1708 developed MI. Presence of frontoparietal baldness, crown top baldness, earlobe crease, and xanthelasmata was associated with increased risk of IHD or MI after multifactorial adjustment for chronological age and well-known cardiovascular risk factors. The risk of IHD and MI increased stepwise with increasing number of age-related signs with multifactorially adjusted hazard ratios up to 1.40 (95% confidence interval, 1.20-1.62) for IHD and 1.57 (1.28-1.93) for MI, in individuals with 3 to 4 versus no age-related signs at baseline (P for trend <0.001). In all age groups in both women and men, absolute 10-year risk of IHD and MI increased with increasing number of visible age-related signs. Conclusions-Male pattern baldness, earlobe crease, and xanthelasmata-alone or in combination-associate with increased risk of ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction independent of chronological age and other wellknown cardiovascular risk factors. This is the first prospective study to show that looking old for your age is a marker of poor cardiovascular health. (Circulation. 2014;129:990-998.)

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Section: Comparison With Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visible Age-Related Signs and Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease in the General Population

et al. 2014

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“…Previous population-based investigations and hospital-based studies have described that a corneal arcus is associated with older age, the male sex, increased blood lipid levels, the prevalence of dyslipoproteinemias including familial hypercholesterolemia, and the presence of atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease mortality, and ocular hypotony. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] In the recent population-based Singapore Malay Eye Study on the urban Malay population of Singapore, the prevalence of corneal arcus was 57.9% in the population aged 40 to 80 years. 1 In the previous Blue Mountains Eye Study of Australians older than 49 years, the overall prevalence of circumferential corneal arcus was 64.8%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Corneal Arcus and Its Associations with Ocular and General Parameters: The Central India Eye and Medical Study

Vurgese

Panda‐Jonas

Saini

et al. 2011

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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In this adult rural Central Indian population with low mean BMI, the prevalence of corneal arcus was 10.7% ± 1.0%. The only systemic parameter associated with corneal arcus was increasing age (P < 0.001). Corneal arcus was not associated with dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, alcohol consumption, or smoking. In this population with low BMI, corneal arcus was not a clinical biomarker for major metabolic disorders. The intereye associations between corneal arcus and low intraocular pressure, thin central cornea, and hyperopia may be of importance in the ophthalmic examination.

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“…All these results point to a potential shift in HDL properties associated with the decrease in apoL1 content that might directly impact prognosis. Similarly, our proteomic study has revealed that FH patients with corneal arcus, a clinical symptom of FH, showed lower levels of apoA-IV, apoL1, PON1, and LCAT suggesting an association between lower levels of those proteins and a worse prognosis in FH individuals, as the presence of corneal arcus has been associated with a higher risk of CVD (52).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence/absence of corneal arcus was included in the model as it has been previously described that this typical symptom of FH is associated with a higher CVD risk (52), and our discovery proteomic analysis revealed that FH patients with corneal arcus showed significantly lower total apoA-IV, apoL1, and PON1 contents, as well as a decreasing trend in LCAT levels (supplementary Table 6), when compared with those without. There were no significant differences in the duration of statin treatment between patients with corneal Interestingly, within the FH population, patients who had an ischemic cardiac event an average of 3.5 years after inclusion (within a follow-up of 10 years) showed significantly decreased apoL1 serum levels before the event when compared with those FH patients who did not have any event (P = 0.004; Fig.…”

Section: Hdl Protein Composition Changes and Survival Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

ApoL1 levels in high density lipoprotein and cardiovascular event presentation in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia

Cubedo¹,

Padró²,

Alonso

et al. 2016

Journal of Lipid Research

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Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is one of the most prevalent genetic disorders associated with premature coronary artery disease (CAD) (1). This disorder appears by mutations in the gene that encodes the LDL receptor (LDLR) and it is characterized by a lifelong exposure to high plasma LDL-cholesterol levels (LDL-C). FH patients show an important decrease in their life expectancy because of an increase in CAD frequency, the principal causes of mortality being sudden death and myocardial infarction (2). Clinical expression of CAD in FH patients varies considerably across cohorts and individual patients treated to guidelines (3, 4), suggesting the contribution of additional factors to the atherosclerotic burden in these patients. Indeed, a recent study has reported lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] levels as one of those additional factors that influence CVD in FH patients (5).HDLs have proved to be atheroprotective in several epidemiological, clinical, and experimental studies (6-13). Indeed, HDLs are considered key players in the progression of CAD because of their multiple antiatherogenic effects (14) in addition to their role in reverse cholesterol transport. Increasing evidence suggests that HDL atheroprotective effects lie in HDL composition, highlighting the importance of HDL quality rather that HDL quantity in CVD (14-17). Moreover, the existence of several HDL subpopulations with differential contribution to these HDL-related antiatherogenic properties has underscored the relevance of HDL composition in HDL functionality (15,18).A recent study has demonstrated that FH is associated with quantitative and qualitative modifications of HDL Abstract HDL composition rather than HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels seems to be a key determinant of HDL-induced atheroprotection. Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients, with lifelong exposure to high LDL levels, show a high prevalence of premature coronary artery disease. We hypothesized that HDL of FH patients might have a modified protein composition and investigated the proteomic signature of HDL obtained from FH patients and their unaffected relatives. HDLs were characterized by 2D electrophoresis/MS in 10 families from the SAFE-HEART cohort (3 individuals/family: 2 with genetic FH diagnosis and 1 non-FH relative) clinically characterized and treated as per guidelines. FH patients had lower apoA-I levels and a differential HDL distribution profile of apoL1 and apoA-IV. ELISA validation revealed decreased apoL1 serum levels in FH patients. ApoL1 levels were able to predict presentation of an ischemic cardiac event, and apoL1/HDL-C ratio was associated with the survival rate after the event. FH patients who died because of a fatal cardiac event had lower apoL1 and LCAT content in HDL3 an average of 3.5 years before the event than those who survived. Changes in HDL protein composition could affect patients' prognosis. The proteomic profile of apoL1 is modified in HDLs of high cardiovascular risk patients, and apoL1 plasma levels are significantly lower in serum...

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Relation of Corneal Arcus to Cardiovascular Disease (from the Framingham Heart Study Data Set)

Cited by 32 publications

References 18 publications

Visible Age-Related Signs and Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease in the General Population

Visible Age-Related Signs and Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease in the General Population

Corneal Arcus and Its Associations with Ocular and General Parameters: The Central India Eye and Medical Study

ApoL1 levels in high density lipoprotein and cardiovascular event presentation in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia

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