Relation between relative growth rate, endogenous gibberellins, and the response to applied gibberellic acid for Plantago major

Dijkstra, Paul; Reegen, Harrie Ter; Kuiper, P. J. C.

doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.1990.790408.x

Cited by 22 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The results of Dijkstra et al (1990) strongly support a role of GA in variation in RGR. They found that a subspecies of Plantago major with a high RGR and SLA had a higher endogenous GA concentration than a subspecies with a lower RGR and SLA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Growth rate and biomass partitioning of wildtype and low‐gibberellin tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants growing at a high and low nitrogen supply

Nagel

Konings

Lambers

2001

Physiologia Plantarum

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The growth‐promoting effects of gibberellins (GAs) on plants are well documented, but a complete growth analysis at the whole plant level on plants with an altered GA biosynthesis has never been reported. In the present work, the relative growth rate (RGR), biomass partitioning and morphological parameters of wildtype (Wt) tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Moneymaker) plants were compared with those of isogenic (gib) mutants with a reduced biosynthesis of gibberellins. GA deficiency reduced RGR and specific leaf area (SLA, leaf area per unit leaf mass) and increased the net assimilation rate (NAR, the rate of biomass increment per unit leaf area). Despite the free access to nitrogen in the rooting medium, the low‐GA mutants had a much higher root mass ratio (RMR, the root mass per unit plant biomass) than the Wt, suggesting that the mutants were disturbed in their growth response to nitrate supply. The experiment was repeated at a low exponential nitrate supply, which forced all plants to grow at the same low RGR. The persistence of the differences in RMR at low N‐supply indicated that the high RMR of the mutants was a direct effect of low GA, which was independent of nitrate supply. Because the low N‐supply increased the RMRs of all genotypes to the same extent, the response of RMR to N‐supply does not seem to depend on GA. Although many of the traits of the slow growing GA mutants were very similar to those of inherently slow growing plant species from unproductive habitats, gibberellins are unlikely to be a main determinant of a plant's potential RGR.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Growth rate and biomass partitioning of wildtype and low‐gibberellin tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants growing at a high and low nitrogen supply

Nagel

Konings

Lambers

2001

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…The dry weights of safflower leaves decreased (P = 0 .001) slightly following GA 3 treatment, reflecting a change in growth allocation, emphasizing stem growth at a slight expense of leaf growth . Such a growth reallocation is consistent with studies with Brassica [28] and Plantago major [4] .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…To establish a causal role of GAs in the regulation of stem growth and development in safflower, manipulative studies were conducted to increase or decrease GA exposure to the plant . Such studies have been conducted with numerous other plants and the responses of safflower are • generally consistent with responses by those other plants [4,17,24] . The application of GA 3 caused stem elongation in safflower, both in growth chamber and field • studies (P = 0 .001) (Figure 4), whereas the application of the GA biosynthetic block, paclobutrazol (PP333), in growth chamber studies inhibited stem elongation (Table 3) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Gibberellin physiology of safflower: endogenous gibberellins and response to gibberellic acid

1993

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Endogenous gibberellins (GAs) were extracted from safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L .) stems and detected by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry from which GA,, GA 3 , GA ' ,, GA,,, GA,,, and probably, GA" were detected . The detection of these GAs suggests that the early 13-OH biosynthetic pathway is prevalent in safflower shoots . Deuterated GAs were used as internal standards and GA concentrations were determined in stems harvested at weekly intervals . GA I and GA 19 levels per stem increased but concentrations per gram dry weight decreased over time . GA 20 was only detected in young stem tissue .Gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) was also applied in field trials and both GA 3 and the GA biosynthetic inhibitor, paclobutrazol, were applied in growth chamber tests . GA 3 increased epidermal cell size, internode length, and increased internode cell number causing stem elongation . Conversely, paclobutrazol reduced stem height, internode and cell size, cell number and overall shoot weight . In field tests, GA 3 increased total stem weight, but decreased leaf weight, flower bud number and seed yield . Thus, GA 3 promoted vegetative growth at the expense of reproductive commitment . These studies collectively indicate a promotory role of GAs in the control of shoot growth in safflower, and are generally consistent with gibberellin studies of related crop plants.

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“…These results are supported from the observation of Nagel et al (2001) that low GA mutant had a lower RGR and reduction in RGR was associated with a reduction in SLA. Similarly, Dijkstra et al (1990) noted that plant species with high RGR and SLA had a higher concentration of endogenous GA. In species with a lower endogenous GA concentration, GA application increased SLA and RGR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The influence of gibberellic acid and sulfur fertilization rate on growth and S-use efficiency of mustard (Brassica juncea)

2005

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Earlier research has shown that exogenous gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) application increases shoot growth, photosynthesis and soil nitrogen (N) utilisation in mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss.). Mustard has a high sulfur (S) requirement. Its assimilatory pathway is well coordinated with N and dependent on photosynthesis. Thus, the higher photosynthate production and an efficient use of N with the use of GA 3 could result in an increase in S-use efficiency of the crop. The research was, therefore, carried out to study the effects of 10 µM GA 3 spray on specific leaf area, plant dry mass, leaf carbon dioxide exchange rate (CER), plant growth rate (PGR), relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR) and S-use efficiency (SUE) of mustard treated with 0, 100 or 200 mg S kg −1 soil levels. Plants treated with 100 mg S kg −1 soil and receiving GA 3 treatment showed increased specific leaf area and dry mass accumulation compared to the control. At 0 mg S kg −1 soil, N and S concentrations were reduced. They increased with increasing S supply. GA 3 application significantly increased N and S concentrations further. A two-fold increase in SUE in GA 3 -treated plants at 100 mg S kg −1 soil was noted in comparison to the control. SUE was not increased under excess S conditions beyond 100 mg S kg −1 soil. The increase in SUE was through increase in the growth, CER and use efficiency of N by the crop due to GA 3 application.

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Relation between relative growth rate, endogenous gibberellins, and the response to applied gibberellic acid for Plantago major

Cited by 22 publications

References 12 publications

Growth rate and biomass partitioning of wildtype and low‐gibberellin tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants growing at a high and low nitrogen supply

Growth rate and biomass partitioning of wildtype and low‐gibberellin tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants growing at a high and low nitrogen supply

Gibberellin physiology of safflower: endogenous gibberellins and response to gibberellic acid

The influence of gibberellic acid and sulfur fertilization rate on growth and S-use efficiency of mustard (Brassica juncea)

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